Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Notes

1. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Notes Tennessee SPI Objective: Illustrate how gravity controls the motion of objects in the solar system Essential Question(s) What are the motions of objects in our solar system? How does gravity cause these motions? Learning Target I can explain how the motion of objects in the solar system is affected by gravity. Success Criteria I will be able to demonstrate how the motion of objects in the solar system is affected by gravity.

2. Brain Break SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Vocabulary D3 1-2 Draw it 3-4 Describe it 5-6 Do it (Act it out) Vocabulary Words Mass Distance Gravity Weight Matter Orbit Revolution Satellite Revolution

3. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Notes Formation of Our Solar System • Gravity is a "pulling" force that causes every particle of matter to be attracted to every other particle of matter • Gravity formed our solar system from a nebula

4. Gravity formed our solar system from a nebula • Nebulas are huge clouds of cosmic dust consisting of small particles of matter left over from exploded stars. • Nebulas rotate due to the force of gravity.

5. Gravity formed our solar system from a nebula A) Over time gravity pulled the particles together into clumps.

6. Gravity formed our solar system from a nebula B) Each time another particle was added to a clump by gravity, the mass and gravity of the clump increased. • This enabled each clump to attract even more matter. Mass Increased More Gravity Mass Increased More Gravity Mass Increased More Gravity More Gravity Mass Increased

7. Gravity formed our solar system from a nebula C) Larger clumps had stronger gravity and pulled even more clumps together.

8. Gravity formed our solar system from a nebula D) These large clumps pulled in all directions forming a roughly spherical shape. This explains the round shape of stars and planets. Earth Jupiter The Sun

9. Gravity formed our solar system from a nebula E) Gravity caused these large clumps to start spinning. This motion is called rotation. This is why the sun, planets, and moons rotate.

10. Gravity formed our solar system from a nebula F) After a huge mass of clumps were pulled together, the gravity caused nuclear fusion to occur, and a new star was “born.” This is how our sun was formed

11. Gravity formed our solar system from a nebula G) Smaller masses of clumps formed into planets and moons. This is how planet Earth was formed

12. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Notes Gravity formed our solar system from a nebula Watch these video clips (Write down 3 facts from each video) Link 01: Formation of the Solar System (1 min 50 sec) Link 02: Birth of Our Solar System (2 min 15 sec)

13. Brain Break SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Act it Out In groups of four… Show the relationship between mass and distance and how it affects gravity by acting it out

14. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Notes Gravity • causes our sun and planets to rotate (spin) • causes our planets and moons to revolve (orbit) • It keeps Earth, and all the other planets, from “flying off” into space as they revolve (orbit) around the sun Question: What keeps our planet from falling into the sun? The inertia of the lateral (sideways) motion (momentum)

15. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Notes Motion Demonstration:(need three students) One to be the Sun, One to be Earth, and One to be the Moon • Clear out some space, and position each student • First have each student demonstrate rotation • Then have the Earth and Moon demonstrate revolution • Finally ask all three to rotate while at the same time the Earth and Moon revolve around the sun. Enjoy the laughs!

16. Celestial Motion • The Sun rotates. • The Earth rotates. • The Moon rotates. Motion Demonstration: Show this computer simulation Link: Gravity and Orbits from the University of Colorado • The Earth revolves (orbits) around the sun. • Likewise, the Moon revolves (orbits) around the Earth. 1) You can show the Sun, Earth, and Moon at the same time. 2) You can show the direction of gravity. 3) You can adjust the revolution speed. 4) You can show the orbital paths. 5) Just for Fun: You can “turn off” the gravity. Moon Earth The Sun

17. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Notes • Gravity keeps the moon from “flying off” as it orbitsthe Earth (See Holt Online Ch15: Sect 4 Visual Concepts) Revolution Rotation

18. Polar Opposites Brain Break SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion 1) What is one way gravity helped form our solar system and planets? A) By pushing matter apart B) By pulling matter together 2) What is another way gravity helped form our solar system and planets? A) By making objects revolve and rotate B) By making objects move in straight lines 3) Contrast revolution and rotation A) Revolve=moving around another object, Rotate=spinning on an axis B) Revolving is faster than rotation and has more gravity

19. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Notes Brainpop Videos • View the Brainpop video titled “Gravity” • View the Brainpop video titled “Solar System” Link: Brainpop Website User name: (get this from your teacher) Password: (get this from your teacher) Task 01: Write down 5 things that catch your attention as your watch each video. Task 02: Complete the Brainpop quizzes.

20. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Questions Here is an example of a question you might see on a quiz or test.

21. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Questions Here is an example of a question you might see on a quiz or test.

22. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Questions Here is an example of a question you might see on a quiz or test.

23. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Questions Here is an example of a question you might see on a quiz or test.

24. SPI 0807.12.6 Gravity and Celestial Motion Science Questions Here is an example of a question you might see on a quiz or test.