Moving IEEE into the Next Decade

1. India Visit April 2006 Moving IEEE into the Next Decade Michael Lightner 2006 IEEE President and CEO

2. THANK YOU !

3. IEEE Vision Advance global prosperity by… • Fostering technological innovation • Enabling members careers • Promoting community …worldwide

4. IEEE Core Focus I like to capture our activities from an individual perspective as: • Enable technical professionals to distinguish themselves in a globally competitive environment The ‘flip-side’ of this is our role as members of countries and regions’ • IEEE members enabling their regions/countries to distinguish themselves in a globally competitive environment?

5. Population Explodes • World population continues to grow: from 2.6 billion in 1950, to 6.2 in 2002 and 9.1 billion in 2050 • Less developed countries (LDCs) will drive population growth for the next five decades. Source: U.S. Census Bureau - Population Division, International Programs Center, International Data Base

6. Other Population Challenges Two Demographic Extremes: • Nearly 50% of the world’s population could be less than 18 years old by 2020. • In 2004, 20 percent of the people residing in Italy were over age 65; by 2020, China, Australia, Russia, Canada, and the United States will face a similar situation • These two together mean that in some countries 30% of the population could be supporting the other 70%

7. Population for Selected Countries In 2002, China is the most populous country in the world and India, the second most populous. India gains population rapidly and eclipses China in total population in 2037. Half of the world’s more developed countries (MDCs), including those in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, are expected to experience population declines over the next 50 years. The United States is the only MDC expected to be among the ten most populous countries in 2050. MDCs will experience aging populations, while LDCs will have a “youth bulge.” Nearly 50% of the world’s population could be less than 18 years old by 2020. Median age(2002-03) 32 42 24 39 42 41 39 39 36 Source: U.S. Census Bureau - Population Division, International Programs Center, International Data Base

8. Generational Differences The Younger Generation… • Perceptions of trustworthy may differ from elders' • Has replaced newspapers and TV weather reports with the Internet • The Internet has shaped the way they work, relax and even date. It's created a different notion of community and new avenues for expression. • More likely to go on-line to pay bills, register for classes, book travel, check TV listings, buy movie tickets and get directions. "My parents, before they go on road trips, get a booklet with travel directions that are printed and mailed to them. Can you imagine? Mailing away for travel directions?" • Accustomed to near-instantaneous keeping in touch — primarily via instant messaging, cell phones and e-mail. • However, far from digging a social black hole, they are using high-tech means to maintain or expand their network of relationships, to hang out with friends, to relieve boredom and even flirt.

9. Challenges (& Opportunities) In A Networked World Increased intensity and rate of change in workplace • Steady pressure on the individual • Struggles balancing work and personal lives Integration of cell phones, video, and Internet • Prices fall, and globalization accelerates. • Technology professionals want tools to help quickly form and disband, coordinate actions, and share information. • Self-organizing mechanisms are emerging and building a collective, on-line body of information and intelligence. Information sharing is tying cultures, knowledge and economies together

10. Workforce Trends Nine shifts are projected in work patterns over the next two decades: • People Work at Home • Intranets Replace Offices • Networks Replace the Pyramid • Simultaneous work and travel • Communities Become Dense • New Societal Infrastructures Evolve • Shared Work and Responsibility • Half of all Learning is Online • Education Becomes Web-based

11. Worldwide Workforce Shifts Will Continue The global talent pool of scientists and engineers is increasing rapidly. Business, industry and academia will continue to access this talent pool over the next decade.

12. Workplace Trends • Jobswill require flexibility, creativity, lifelong learning, and interaction with others • Global marketplace demands around the clock access • The half-life of an engineer’s knowledge is estimated to be less than five years • In 10 years 90% of what an engineer knows will be available on the computer • 60% of future jobs will require training that only 20% of the current U.S. work force possesses [Workforce 2020 : Work and Workers in the 21st Century]

13. Workplace Trends: Specialization & Globalization Specialization • the size of the body of knowledge required to excel in a particular area precludes excellence across all disciplines. • Organizations will depend on teams of task-focused, project-specific specialists - distributed cognition • Use of independent specialists, consultants and contractors will increase. Globalization • Globalization is shifting the source of competitive pressure and competitive advantage • from excellence at the point of production — now more or less assumed • toward excellence in governing spatially dispersed networks of plants, affiliates and suppliers. • Top jobs will go to people who manage the large, complex adaptive systems for business.

14. A closer look at Region 10

15. 2005 World Competitiveness • Metrics • Economic performance • Government efficiency • Business efficiency • Infrastructure Source: IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook

16. Indicators Of Technological CompetitivenessThe Gap Is Narrowing • Japan 295 • China 271 • Singapore 267 • Australia 265 • South Korea 259 • Taiwan 254 • New Zealand 240 • Malaysia 228 • India 217 • Philippines 189 • Thailand 179 • Indonesia 150 Source: Science and Engineering Indicators 2006 • Metrics: • National orientation • Socioeconomic infrastructure • Technological infrastructure • Productive capacity

17. Innovator Index: 2004 Source: Thomson Scientific

18. China • Population: 1,306,313,812 (July 2005 est.) Age Structure: 0-14yrs…21.4% 15-64yrs…71% 65yrs+ …7.6% Growth rate: .58% • Languages: Standard Chinese of Mandarin, Yue (Cantonese), We (Shanghaiese), Other • Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 90.9% • GDP (purchasing power parity): $8.158 trillion (2005) GDP – real growth rate: 9.2% (2005) • Labor force: 791.4 million (2005) Unemployment rate: 4.2% (2004) • Telephones – main lines in use: 263 million (2003) Telephones – mobile cellular: 269 million (2003) Internet users – 111 million (2004)

19. China • 4th largest economy in the world. • Oil demand could account for 32% of global power equipment orders between 2003 and 2008. • Integrated circuits, mobile phones and computers are the driving forces behind China’s export volume. • Foreign direct investment grew 36% annually from 2002 to 2005. • 2,003 higher ed institutes, 3.2 mill higher ed students, and 110K foreign students studying in China in 2004 • 111 million Internet users, making it the world's 2nd largest Internet country. Source: Business Week, Mar 2004

20. China Issues & Priorities • Pursuing SARS vaccine – completed clinical study • Clean energy sources to improve pollution • Wind turbines • Solar-power terrestrial heat pumps • Photovoltaic cells • Chunhui cars powered by lithium & hydrogen – water vapor is only emission • Computing independence with homegrown “Godson” computer chip • Labor supply paradox • Huge supply of low-cost workers • Few graduates have necessary skills for service occupation • 20% unemployment of engineering workforce - unofficial

21. Japan • Population: 127,417,244 (July 2005 est.) Age Structure: 0-14yrs…14.3% 15-64yrs…66.2% 65yrs+ …19.5% Growth rate: .05% • Languages: Japanese • Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 99% • GDP (purchasing power parity): $3.867 trillion (2005) GDP – real growth rate: 2.1% (2005) • Labor force: 66.4 million (2005) Unemployment rate: 4.3% (2005) • Telephones – main lines in use: 71 million (2003) Telephones – mobile cellular: 86.7 million (2003) Internet users – 57.2 million (2003)

22. India • Population: 1,080,264,388 (July 2005 est.) Age Structure: 0-14yrs…31.2% 15-64yrs…63.9% 65yrs+ …4.9% Growth rate: 1.4% • Languages: Hindi (30%), English (national, political, commercial), 14 other official languages • Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 59.5% • GDP (purchasing power parity): $3.678 trillion (2005) GDP – real growth rate: 7.1% (2005) • Labor force: 496.4 million (2005) Unemployment rate: 9% (2005) • Telephones – main lines in use: 49 million (2003) Telephones – mobile cellular: 26 million (2003) Internet users – 18.5 million (2003)

23. India Output of Degree Level Engineering and IT Professionals in India (In thousands) • Largest concentration of IEEE members outside the US. • World’s 2nd largest talent pool for engineers • A rising proportion of its population of ‘working age’ (15-59 years). • Known for software development and growth in knowledge-based industries. • Large pool of well-educated people skilled in the English language. • Output of trained engineering and IT professionals growing. Engineers IT professionals Source: National Association of Software and Service Companies

24. South Korea • Population: 48,422,644 (July 2005 est.) Age Structure: 0-14yrs…19.4% 15-64yrs…72% 65yrs+ …8.6% Growth rate: .38% • Languages: Korean, English • Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 67.7% • GDP (purchasing power parity): $983.3 billion (2005) GDP – real growth rate: 3.7% (2005) • Labor force: 23.65 million (2005) Unemployment rate: 3.7% (2005) • Telephones – main lines in use: 23 million (2003) Telephones – mobile cellular: 33.5 million (2003) Internet users – 29 million (2003)

25. Australia • Population: 20,090, 437 (July 2005 est.) Age Structure: 0-14yrs…19.8% 15-64yrs…67.2% 65yrs+ 12.9% Growth rate: .87% • Languages: English (79.1%), Chinese, Italian, Other • Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 100% • GDP (purchasing power parity): $642.7 billion (2005) GDP – real growth rate: 2.7% (2005) • Labor force: 10.42 million (2005) Unemployment rate: 5.2% (2005) • Telephones – main lines in use: 11 million (2003) Telephones – mobile cellular: 14 million (2003) Internet users – 9.5 million (2002)

26. Australia Labor Challenges • Labor Market Shift - Baby-boom generation reaches retirement age • If labor force slows, GDP could follow • Growing labor demand = stronger incentives to learn new skills and enter new areas • Must ensure mature-age employees can acquire updated skills • Economic challenge to enable lifelong learning

27. Thailand • Population: 65,444,371 (July 2005 est.) Age Structure: 0-14yrs…23.9% 15-64yrs…68.6% 65yrs+ …7.5% Growth rate: .87% • Languages: Thai, English, ethnic and regional dialects • Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 94.9% • GDP (purchasing power parity): $545.8 billion (2005) GDP – real growth rate: 4.6% (2005) • Labor force: 35.36 million (2005) Unemployment rate: 1.4% (2005) • Telephones – main lines in use: 6.6 million (2003) Telephones – mobile cellular: 26.5 million (2003) Internet users – 6.9 million (2003)

28. Malaysia • Population: 23,953,136 (July 2005 est.) Age Structure: 0-14yrs…33% 15-64yrs…62.4% 65yrs+ …4.6% Growth rate: 1.8% • Languages: Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese, Other • Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 88.7% • GDP (purchasing power parity): $248 billion (2005) GDP – real growth rate: 5.1% (2005) • Labor force: 10.67 million (2005) Unemployment rate: 3.6% (2005) • Telephones – main lines in use: 4.5 million (2003) Telephones – mobile cellular: 11 million (2003) Internet users – 8.7 million (2003)

29. New Zealand • Population: 4,035,461 (July 2005 est.) Age Structure: 0-14yrs…21.4% 15-64yrs…66.9% 65yrs+ …11.7% Growth rate: 1.02% • Languages: English (official), Maori (official) • Literacy (Age 15 and over can read and write): 99% • GDP (purchasing power parity): $97.39 billion (2005) GDP – real growth rate: 2.5% (2005) • Labor force: 2.139 million (2005) Unemployment rate: 4% (2005) • Telephones – main lines in use: 1.8 million (2003) Telephones – mobile cellular: 2.6 million (2003) Internet users – 2 million (2003)

30. New Zealand • Moved up two places in 2005 World Competitiveness rating • Subsidy free economy / no price controls • (environmental law prevents a higher ranking) • Good corporate citizenship and image abroad • Shortage of skilled labor/outflow of well-educated and skilled people

31. IEEE Membership R7 15,380 R1- 6 218,260 R10 62,533 R1 – 39,191 R2 – 33,617 R3 – 30,576 R4 – 24,325 R5 – 29,681 R6 – 60,870 R8 56,953 R9 14,269 *Region 10 remains largest IEEE Region TOTAL MEMBERSHIP – 367,395 31 December 2005

32. IEEE Top 10 Membership Countries 5 of top 10 countries are in Region 10

33. Historical Region 10 Membership1997 - 2005

34. IEEE Region 10 Membership Sep 2003 - Sep 2005

35. IEEE Region 10 Membership Nov 2004 to Nov 2005

36. IEEE Region 10November 2005 • 40,383 Higher Grade members • 19,500 Student members • 47 Sections • 288 Chapters • 439 Student Branches • 44 Student Branch Society Chapters

37. Challenges & Opportunities

38. Challenges of Transnationalism • Understanding local laws and responding consistently • Adhering to core values and mission • Sensitivity to national needs and interests affecting our members • Promoting community and communication nationally and globally • Creating a toolbox of products and services appropriate for each member area

39. Challenges Ahead • IEEE has been studying changes in global workplace • Global growth of invention • Technology business - China and India • How engineers work • Changes in work patterns • Anywhere, anytime, always on • Multiple languages, multiple time zones

40. Challenges • IEEE should anticipate the changes coming from many countries that can reshape its markets and agendas. • IEEE must globalize its thinking to anticipate new membership needs • IEEE products and services need new approaches in partnership with national associations and consultants in the relevant countries • IEEE members will need new “adaptational” skills to help deal with the complexity • IEEE should anticipate more professionals having longer careers and working into their 70s, 80s, and 90s • It is essential for IEEE to listen to young professionals and potential members. Think about what IEEE has to offer them.

41. The Strategic Landscape - Summary • Population — Aging population in developed countries, increase in the population of lesser developed countries and increased mobility of populations • Acceleration of urbanization — with higher consumption of electrical energy and higher demand for security devices and services, increased need for “cleaner” technologies • Personal life style changes —Next generation of users is digital savvy, comfortable with peer-to-peer networking and expects services to be personalized • Workplace changes — Globalization drives competitiveness concerns, changing work environment of engineers due to global projects and networked teams, decreased permanence, increased work by contract and by project • Technological change — Continuing acceleration of technology, accelerated innovation and related time-to-market shrinking • More competition for IEEE — Increased competition for members, greater competition in publications, conferences, standards, on-line activities, and so on.

42. The Strategic Landscape - Summary • Engineering profession — fewer young people selecting engineering as a career path, need to improve the public perception of engineering and engineers • Education — Emergence of new technologies necessitate frequent re-definition and calibration of school curricula, opportunity to strengthen leadership in IEEE’s fields of interest through model curricula, emergence of large engineering education systems in growing economies with no accreditation mechanisms

43. IEEE Focus on the Future:12 Strategic Objectives • Develop alternative membership models that are affordable and attractive. • Position IEEE as a leader in Standards in the global marketplace and a trusted source for assessing the conformity of product and applications to appropriate IEEE standards. • Establish IEEE as a leading provider of continuing education and professional development. • Continue to provide trusted technical information products and services. • Position IEEE as a highly visible force in, model curricula development, professional credentialing of individuals and global university-level accreditation. • Evolve an IEEE-wide strategy in fast-developing regions of the world with an initial focus on China.

44. IEEE Focus on the Future:12 Strategic Objectives • Promote public awareness, understanding and appreciation of engineering and technology. • Improve IEEE’s volunteer and staff organization and its governance processes. • Broaden the technologies and communities we serve. • Foster technological innovation, embrace emerging technologies, and build new technical communities. • Diversify IEEE’s revenue-generating portfolio. • Maximize IEEE membership while maintaining the prestige of IEEE membership, the reputation of IEEE and the economic viability of the IEEE.

45. How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global Needs • IEEE is striving to build on its global nature to enhance members’ success in the global profession. • Place more emphasis on the skills engineers need to succeed in the 21st Century • Addressing global needs locally • Meet local needs in education, accreditation, professional development, information, and technology development and policy • Must have globalization and localization • But still must make economic sense

46. How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global Needs • Providing more resources online • IEL digital library – 1.3 million documents • IEEE Member Digital Library • Subscribers can download, save and print 25 articles/mo. • IEEE Enterprise for smaller businesses • Google and Yahoo searches of IEEE Xplore • CrossRef links to other journals • Online tools make it easier and faster to submit, review and publish papers with IEEE

47. How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global Needs • Asia-Pacific Initiative -phase 1 • Establishing a liaison office in the Peoples’ Republic of China • Legal presence to support Region/Section activities, conferences, use of IEEE Intellectual property, standards efforts • Build corporate standards memberships and an appreciation and participation of voluntary global standards • Support IEEE Computer Society Certification program • Professional Certification • IEEE Computer Society software development professional certification • Exam offered at hundreds of sites in over 74 countries • Measures an individual's mastery of the fundamental knowledge required to perform the functions of an experienced software engineer across the globe

48. How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global Needs • Addressing global accreditation issues • Most IEEE accreditation activities are in U.S. with ABET • IEEE also serves in advisory capacity on accreditation in such countries as Peru, Egypt • Plans underway for IEEE to expand activity out of U.S. • Establishing formal role in assisting accrediting bodies worldwide • Expect to work to develop model curricula • Explore opportunity to serve as accrediting body • Establishing corporate partnerships to serve industry around the world • 20-member Library Advisory Council • 80 corporate members of IEEE Standards Association • Memoranda of understanding with major corps in U.S. and Europe

49. How IEEE Is Addressing Its Global Needs Continuing Education Expert Now IEEE • 50 one- and two-hour interactive online courses based on IEEE’s best conference tutorials • Subscriptions for corporations • Available individually to members later in 2006 IEEE Education Partners • 6000 online courses from university and corporate institutions at a discount

50. Over 100 in operation with 20,000+ users Topics include Power & Energy, Embedded System, Product Safety, Ethernet P Optical Networks, Employment & Career Strategies, and more IEEE governance--SPC;Section/Chapter volunteers Online CommunitiesEnable Global Collaborations Global Section/Chapter Community enhances local progress.