Putting the science into standards

1. Putting the science into standards David Wilkinson European Commission, Joint Research Centre david.wilkinson@ec.europa.eu European Parliament Public Hearing “European Standardisation: Improving Competitiveness through a New Regulatory Framework” Brussels, 23rd November 2011

2. Scientific contribution to the standardisation process The standardisation process must ensure both: Efficiency and productivity; Protection of the environment and safety of the citizen. Correct balance requires that standards must be science-based. Science contributes key elements of the standardisation process; Methodologies, processes and materials that lead to standards are defined, partly or wholly, by available scientific knowledge. JRC provides key scientific contributions to the standardisation process: Pre-normative research; Harmonised methodologies; Contributions to Standards; Certification (in special cases); Reference measurements and materials.

3. JRC standardisation contribution Energy (smart grids; energy efficiency and the building sector); Transport(electro-mobility and clean transport); Digital Agenda (data standards for digital earth and satellite data quality); Safety and Security (nuclear safety and security; European security label; food safety; building safety); Consumer Protection (nanomaterials; biotechnology including GMOs and synthetic biology; internationalisation of standards for alternatives to animal testing).

4. An example: the JRC’s vehicle testing laboratory - VELA Outside EU UN-ECE (GRPE) Inside EU DGs, EP, MS • EURO 5 / 6 • New limit values • PMP programme • New driving cycle • Real-world driving emissions • Evap. emissions • Low temperature emis. • EURO 3 • New limits • Beyond EURO 3 • Durability • Anti-tampering • EURO VI • PMP programme • PEMS programme • NRMM Directive Review (Dir.2004/26/EC) • Fuel Directive Review • Evaporative emissions • Metallic additives • Alternative fuels • Well to Wheels analysis • Impact on emissions/ energy efficiency • Worldwide test procedure for LD vehicles (WLTP) • New driving cycle • Test procedures • Additional pollutants • WMTC New Worldwide Test Cycle • NRMM GTR • PMP Programme (coordination with UK) • H2 Fuel Cell GTR VELA 1 & 2 Passenger cars and Light Duty Vehicles Motorcycles Heavy Duty Vehicles & Engines (On/Off-road) Fuels VELA 3 VELA 4, 5, 6 & 7

5. JRC and science in the Standardisation Communication The role of science, and the JRC is recognised in the Commission Standardisation Communication of June 2011 “the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission will provide scientific input in its area of expertise to ensure that standards take into account economic productivity and social needs such as environmental sustainability, safety and security concerns” “Anticipation and foresight studies can help to anticipate the need for standards development”

6. JRC and international standardisation cooperation The internationalisation of standards is essential to support European innovation and competitiveness. JRC is working with European and international industry in the standardisation process.

7. An example: e-mobility and smart grids The key EU partner in international relations: USA. A key topic: e-mobility and smart grids. Key partner organisations include: Policy makers in Europe and US: European Commission DG Energy and DG Enterprise and Industry; European Parliament MEPs and the Science and Technology Options Assessment office; US Departments of Energy and Commerce. European and international standardisation bodies: CEN / CENELEC and ETSI; ISO, IEC; American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Stakeholders: European Automobile Manufacturing Association (ACEA); Trans-Atlantic Business Dialogue (TABD); United Nations Economic Commission for Europe;

8. The e-mobility and smart grids initiative Why e-mobility and smart grids? The technology is of major economic and strategic importance; International standardisation will ease exports and allow seamless operation and the sharing of best practices - in an area where legislation is not yet in place; Strong policy support from both the EU and US, also from Transatlantic Economic Council. How will this be implemented? Communication between the utilities/grid operators, home or workplace, and electric vehicles must be compatible; Testing protocols must be comparable; Joint efforts in pre-normative research => international standards. What are the concrete next steps? Two interoperability centres will be established for e-vehicles and smart grids - one on each side of the Atlantic (in Europe at the JRC Ispra in Italy); The aim is to ensure that hardware and software, including communications used in EU and in US are interoperable; The focus of the centres is to address outstanding issues relevant to standardisation; A letter of Intent to be signed at annual meeting of Transatlantic Economic Council 29 November 2011.

9. …a complicated situation which necessitates close cooperation! Household networks National Electric Code National ElectricSafety Code (Enclosures) (Battery) (Meter) (Connector) (Vehicle) (Distributed energy interconnection)

10. Summary Standards are key to European competitiveness; Science is an essential basis for good standards; Internationalisation of standards is essential to promote innovation, competitiveness and sustainability; JRC is providing the key scientific input into standards, and to the internationalisation of the standardisation process. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION