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WHAT IS INSIDE A CELL?

WHAT IS INSIDE A CELL?. ORGANELLES CYTOPLASM AND DNA!!!. Examples of Cells. Amoeba Proteus. Plant Stem. Bacteria. Red Blood Cell. Nerve Cell. Two Types of Cells. Prokaryotic Eukaryotic. Prokaryotic. Do not have organelles Few internal structures: cell membrane and cytoplasm

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WHAT IS INSIDE A CELL?

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  1. WHAT IS INSIDE A CELL? ORGANELLES CYTOPLASM AND DNA!!!

  2. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell Nerve Cell

  3. Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

  4. Prokaryotic • Do not have organelles • Few internal structures: cell membrane and cytoplasm • No Nucleus • One-celled organisms, Bacteria http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html

  5. Eukaryotic • Almost all multicellular organisms are eukaryotic • Cells are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. • Has genetic material inside of nucleus Plant Animal http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html

  6. Cell Structure & FunctionContain organelles surrounded by membranesMost living organisms http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html

  7. “Typical” Animal Cell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

  8. “Typical” Plant Cell http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif

  9. Cell Parts Organelles

  10. Surrounding the Cell

  11. Cell Membrane • Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell • Double layer • Protective covering that encloses the entire cell http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  12. Cell Wall • Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria • Supports & protects cells http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  13. Inside the Cell

  14. Nucleus • Directs cell activities • Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane • Contains genetic material - DNA

  15. Cytoplasm • Gel-like mixture • Surrounded by cell membrane • Contains hereditary material • Most of the work of the cell is carried out here • Scanning electron micrograph of a fracture of nerve cells. The central nucleus and surrounding cytoplasm are visible

  16. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Moves materials around in cell • Manufactures parts of the cell membrane http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  17. Vesicles • Transports processed materials to the Golgi Apparatus • Part of the broken off endoplasmic reticulum

  18. Ribosomes • Each cell contains thousands • Uses information from the nucleus to build proteins http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  19. Mitochondria • Uses oxygen to produce energy from processing food, mostly sugars through chemical reactions - breaking down fats & carbohydrates • Recycles and decomposes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  20. Golgi Bodies • Takes materials man- ufactured by the e.r., and finishes processing them. • Move materials within and in or out of the cell • Folded membranes looks like stack of pancakes http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  21. Lysosome • Containes wates andstores and breaks down nutrients ~ digestive 'plant' for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates • Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal • Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  22. Vacuoles • Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal • Contains water solution • Help plants maintain shape http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

  23. Chloroplast • Usually found in plant cells • Contains green chlorophyll • Where photosynthesis takes place http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

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