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The Age of Limited Warfare: 1700-1789

The Age of Limited Warfare: 1700-1789. “Total” versus “limited” war Changes Context. Louis XIV, master of Limited warfare. 0-15% 15-33% 33-50% >50%. Total Warfare. Removal of moral and cultural limits Modern weaponry, bureaucracy, capabilities

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The Age of Limited Warfare: 1700-1789

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  1. The Age of Limited Warfare:1700-1789 • “Total” versus “limited” war • Changes • Context Louis XIV, master of Limited warfare

  2. 0-15% 15-33% 33-50% >50% Total Warfare • Removal of moral and cultural limits • Modern weaponry, bureaucracy, capabilities • Militarization of civilian institutions

  3. Change from Total to Limited Warfare • Contexts • Enlightenment • Political centralization • Gunpowder weapons • What is changing?

  4. Early Firearms: The Flintlock • Introduced in the 17th century • Could be used in inclement weather • Standard infantry weapon of the 18th century

  5. Vauban-style fortress

  6. The Rise of Prussia • King Frederick William I (1713-1740) • Recruited obscure noblemen as officers • Recruitment districts (“cantonal system”) • Central national administration • Army from 40K to 83K • King Frederick William II (The Great; 1740-1786) • Strengthened bureaucracy • Army from 83K to 140K • Large treasury surplus

  7. Prussian Military Advances • Comprehensive approach to training • Drill, religion, group loyalties, punishment • Officers authorized execution power • Prussians PERFORMED in battle • Standardized drill, 1714 • Cadence introduced, 1740 • Officer schools introduced, 1717 • 3 year study for 13-year-olds • Produced 1/3 of Prussian officers

  8. Warfare in the 18th Century • Change to artillery and small arms • Fortifications and naval power • Standing armies of disciplined soldiers led by noblemen • Magazine system England's King George III

  9. Louis XIV Vauban Limited War Standing Army Magazine System Total War Seven Years’ War Central Position Frederick the Great Prussia Terms to Know

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