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SOSC 200Y Gender and Society

SOSC 200Y Gender and Society. Lecture 19: Sexual Division and Capitalist Patriarchy. Proportion of females in total employment by major occupation category (2002). Gender and Employment. Vertical segregations

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SOSC 200Y Gender and Society

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  1. SOSC 200Y Gender and Society Lecture 19: Sexual Division and Capitalist Patriarchy

  2. Proportion of females in total employment by major occupation category (2002) L19: 15.11.06

  3. Gender and Employment • Vertical segregations • Males are clustered in higher ranking jobs (i.e. managerial & administrative staff of the company) • While females are occupying those lower ranking and lower paid jobs (i.e. clerical workers) • Horizontal segregations • Boys and girls are working in different economic sectors (manufacturing vs construction) • Boys in professional sectors (i.e. engineers) while girls as service providers (i.e. nurse, teachers) L19: 15.11.06

  4. Gender and Income • In 2001, the median income for total working population: • female is HK$8,500; • male is HK$12,000 • gender differences: 29% • Median income for unskillful workers: • female is HK$3,900; • male is HK$7,500 • gender differences: 48% L19: 15.11.06

  5. L19: 15.11.06

  6. Gender inequality in employment • Female subordination in the workplace: • Clustered in few types of occupations • Inferior post with low paid • Less opportunity for promotion L19: 15.11.06

  7. Female’s individual choice? • Female choose certain ‘appropriate’ type of training and education. • Female try to balance the demand of family and workplace. • Employers’ discrimination? • Choice against market rules (Irrational calculation) L19: 15.11.06

  8. Lower Income, less promotion L19: 15.11.06

  9. Marxist Feminist • When capitalism meets patriarchy… • Gender inequality is rooted in class oppression under capitalism • Women provide ‘free’ private household labour and service  extract more work from wage labour • Historical studies of ‘Industrialization’ and family • The emergence of the modern role of ‘housewife’ • The role of caring at home • Increase women’s dependency • Women serve only as “secondary breadwinners” L19: 15.11.06

  10. Marxist Feminist (cont’) • When capitalism meets patriarchy… • Women provide the reserve labour that capitalists can call on when needed. • Labour market segmentation: core and peripheral workers • Secondary/ peripheral workers: flexible supply, weak unity, low bargaining power • Reserve army of labour: to meet the need of periodological depression L19: 15.11.06

  11. Suggested Readings: Wharton, Amy S. (2005) The Sociology of Gender: An Introduction to Theory and Research, Malden: Blackwell Publication, ch.6 L19: 15.11.06

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