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Manipulating Digital Texts. And you think you are having a bad day!.
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Family on holiday in Australia for a week and a half when husband, wife and their 15 year old son decided to go scuba diving. The husband is in the navy and has had some scuba experience.His son wanted a pic of his mum and dad in all their gear so got the under water camera on the go. When it came to taking the pic the dad realized that the son look like he was panicking as he took it and gave the "OK" hand sign to see if he was alright.The son took the pic and swam to the surface and back to the boat as quick as he could so the mum and dad followed to see if he was OK. When they got back to him he was scrambling onto the boat and absolutely packing it.When the parents asked why he said "there was a shark behind you" and the dad thought he was joking but the skipper of the boat said it was true and that they wouldn't believe him even if he told them what it was. As soon as they got back to the hotel they put the pic onto the laptop and this is what they saw.(Try and tell me you wouldn't have emptied your entire digestive system right at the point you saw it)Would you have stayed to take the picture??
Although some have doubted its authenticity, the photograph is genuine. It was taken from the September 2005 issue of Africa Geographic. The article details a study of Great White Sharks in South Africa by biologists Michael C. Scholl and Thomas P. Peschak. Kayaks were used to study the sharks because, unlike the motorized research vessel, they could manoeuvre more easily in shallow or treacherous water and had no engine noise to disturb the sharks' natural behaviours. The authors explain more about the incident shown in the photograph:Although we had extensively tested the sharks' reactions to an empty kayak and had observed no signs of aggression, this gave us little comfort as we eyed a great white heading straight for us, albeit slowly. Just a metre or so from the craft it veered off, circled and slowly approached from behind. It did this several times, occasionally lifting its head out of the water to get a better look. Then it lost interest, and as it continued on its way we were able to follow a short distance behind. Once we'd come to terms with having nothing between ourselves and a four-metre shark except a thin layer of plastic, our kayak made an ideal research platform for observing great white behaviour in shallow water. The article provides a very interesting insight into Great White Sharks and includes a number of other excellent photographs. This photograph, along with other shark photographs taken by Michael Scholl and Thomas Peschak, was later reused as part of an April Fools joke perpetrated by a French magazine. After its publication, the story - a fanciful tale involving a Great White Shark's devotion to a kindly fisherman who once saved its life - began circulating via email and the Internet as a slide show.
set of images are nearly identical, however Trotsky is removed from both photographs. • The most common examples of photograph alteration and falsification come from communist Russia. Unwanted persons, so-called "enemies of the people" were not only killed, but also removed from photographs where their presence was unwanted. Photographs were altered with the intent of changing the past. • Leon Trotsky was a close friend of Lenin, and shared his idealistic ideas about the communist state. In the photographs he can be seen together with Lenin.
Picture manipulation, however, involves much more. On June 27, 1994, Time Magazine and Newsweek featured two different copies of the same mugshot of O.J.Simpson.
The Newsweek cover is the original mugshot, whereas the Time cover is digitally manipulated. O.J.Simpson's face is darker, blurrier and unshaven3. The photographer that manipulated the picture said that he "wanted to make it more artful, more compelling"3. It is here that the ethical issues arise. News photographs should either be authentic or not be published at all. Any manipulation distorts the truth. It is clear that on the cover of Time, O.J.Simpson looks more sinister than he does on the cover of Newsweek. The photographers intention to make the cover more compelling failed miserably, since the matter raised so much discussion. This goes to show that best intentions are often not good enough and that ethical principles should be applied when decisions are made.
Is it real, or is it Photoshop? M8 "True" Color M8 "False" Color How can we believe anything we see anymore? With today's technology, we can literally do anything we want with images. In the example see above, we have changed the red color of M8, the Lagoon Nebula, whose main spectral emission lies in the red portion of the spectrum, to blue with a simple adjustment in Photoshop.
When photography was first invented, its overwhelming power came from the fact that it recorded nature more realistically than any other art form had ever done before. Because of this, people trusted it and believed it portrayed "reality" and "truth". • But, just as story telling could portray the "truth" with an accurate accounting of the facts, it could just as easily become fiction. Fake and manipulated photographs - visual fiction - began circulating not long after the invention of photography. • With the invention of motion pictures, and certainly television, the public came to know that not every picture they saw was necessarily factual in its depiction of reality.
In 1917, Elise Wright, age 16, and her cousin Frances Griffiths, age 10, used a simple camera to produce what they claimed were photographs of fairies in their garden in Cottingley, England (above). http://www.astropix.com/HTML/J_DIGIT/ETHICS.HTM
The historical reason for this alteration is that Stalin eventually began to see Trotsky as a threat and labeled him an "enemy of the people". After he was deported from the Soviet Union in 1929, Trotsky criticized Stalin's leadership, arguing that the dictatorship Stalin exercised was based on his own interests, rather than those of the people. This contributed substantially to Trotsky's removal from photographs and history. • The historical reason for this alteration is that Stalin eventually began to see Trotsky as a threat and labeled him an "enemy of the people". After he was deported from the Soviet Union in 1929, Trotsky critisized Stalin's leadership, arguing that the dictatorship Stalin exercised was based on his own interests, rather than those of the people. This contributed substantially to Trotsky's removal from photographs and history.
We need to question some of the images we see • Any one with a computer and digital technology: image manipulation software can easily cut, paste or alter an image
When is digital manipulation acceptable? • When is digital manipulation acceptable? • Not acceptable
When should viewers or readers be notified that an image has been digitally altered?
How does context affect our response to digitally manipulated images?
What are the social concerns relating to digitally manipulated images?
Image editing • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_editing
Digital image manipulation • Digital image manipulation is the altering of an image using computer program tools and software to produce a contrived image, often generating new meaning. It involves already existing imagery, such as photographs, films or videos, being subsequently worked on in a multitude of possible ways. Computers are now used as controlling devices, and for digitising and managing visual information. Photos are able to be modified or retouched by computer graphics in software such as Adobe Photoshop to produce a result that is so high in quality that it is almost impossible to tell if the photo has been manipulated.
This San Diego gym is testament to the fact that Californians will happily work out for hours in a gym, but refuse to walk up a few stairs. We'll also get in our cars instead of walking one block
http://www.museumofhoaxes.com/tests/hoaxphototest.html http://www.museumofhoaxes.com/tests/hoaxphotoanswers4.html
