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Building an OpenNSPECT Database for Your Watershed

Building an OpenNSPECT Database for Your Watershed. Shan Burkhalter and Dave Eslinger National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office for Coastal Management. Agenda Today’s Goals: Acquire all of the data you need to run OpenNSPECT for your study area

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Building an OpenNSPECT Database for Your Watershed

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  1. Building an OpenNSPECT Database for Your Watershed Shan Burkhalter and Dave Eslinger National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office for Coastal Management

  2. Agenda Today’s Goals: Acquire all of the data you need to run OpenNSPECT for your study area Process it using MapWindow GIS and the OpenNSPECT tool Perform a successful test

  3. Outline Overview • OpenNSPECT • Data requirements • Processing considerations Acquire Data • Elevation • Land cover • Precipitation • R-factor • Soils Process Data • Clip data to project boundary • Generate OpenNSPECT parameters from input data Run OpenNSPECT Conclusion

  4. OpenNSPECT • Free, open-source, GIS-based nonpoint source pollution and erosion comparison tool • Used to estimate water quality impacts of various land use scenarios within a watershed • Built on established models that predict • Runoff • Pollutants • Erosion

  5. Data Requirements National sources • Topography • Land cover • Precipitation • Soils • Rainfall erosivity

  6. Processing Considerations • Study area Hydrologic Unit Codes Derive from elevation model • Raster resolution Typical raster resolutions for nationally available data: 30-meter land cover 30-meter and 10-meter elevation Four-kilometer and 800-meter precipitation and R-Factor To a lesser extent, three-meter land cover and elevation data

  7. Processing Considerations • Naming conventions (data type, location) • floatn38w123.flt • CA_2010_land_cover.img • PRISM_ppt_30yr_normal_4kmM2_annual_bil.bil • R-Factor_CONUS.tif • soilmu_a_ca637.shp • Data units • X,Y units feet or meters • Z units Elevation – feet or meters Precipitation – millimeters, centimeters, or inches

  8. Processing Considerations • Data coordinate system • Geographic • Projected • Soils database ‒ editing Missing data values • Precipitation • Raining days (RUSLE) • Rainfall type (MUSLE)

  9. Processing Considerations Now is a good time to organize folders • In your project directory, create a RawData folder • Elevation • TIFF • LandCover • Precip • Inches • R-Factor • Soils

  10. Acquire Elevation Data National Elevation Dataset • Available from the U.S. Geological Survey National Map Viewer • Derives: ‒ Basin • Watersheds • Streams • Slope • Other flow dynamics • Delivered as 1, 1/3, and 1/9 arc second tiles

  11. Acquire Elevation Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire elevation data viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer • Review the elevation data • Floating point (.flt) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw elevation file • Confirm the data are a valid coordinate system • Convert to a GeoTiff • Assign the coordinate system to raster file

  12. Shan.Burkhalter@noaa.gov Shan.Burkhalter@noaa.gov

  13. Acquire Elevation Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire elevation data viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer • Review the elevation data • Floating point (.flt) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw elevation file • Confirm the data are a valid coordinate system • Convert to a GeoTiff • Assign the coordinate system to raster file

  14. Acquire Land Cover Data Land Cover • Foundation for runoff quantity, sediment yield, pollutant yield Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) • Coastal zone of the U.S. • Available from the NOAA Digital Coast • 30 meter, 2.5 meter for limited areas • Delivered by state or specified area National Land Cover Database • Available from the U.S. Geological Survey National Map Viewer • 30 meter • Delivered as 1 arc second tiles

  15. Acquire Land Cover Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire land cover data at coast.noaa.gov/ccapftp • Review the land cover data, which should contain: • ERDAS Imagine (.img) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw land cover file • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Assign the coordinate system to raster file

  16. Acquire Land Cover Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire land cover data at coast.noaa.gov/ccapftp • Review the land cover data, which should contain: • ERDAS Imagine (.img) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw land cover file • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Assign the coordinate system to raster file

  17. Acquire Precipitation Data Rainfall data • Provides the runoff component • Can be derived from weather station data • PRISM* Climate Group at Oregon State University * Created using the Parameter‒Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model climate-mapping system

  18. Acquire Precipitation Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire precipitation data www.prism.oregonstate.edu • Review data in the precipitation archive • Band Interleaved by Line (.bil) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw precipitation file • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Convert the Z values from millimeters to inches • Assign the coordinate system to raster file

  19. www.prism.oregonstate.edu

  20. www.prism.oregonstate.edu

  21. Acquire Precipitation Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire precipitation data www.prism.oregonstate.edu • Review data in the precipitation archive • Band Interleaved by Line (.bil) raster format • Metadata • Rename the raw precipitation file • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Convert the Z values from millimeters to inches • Assign the coordinate system to raster file

  22. Acquire Rainfall Factor (R-Factor) Data Rainfall-Runoff Erosivity Factor (R-Factor) • Quantifies the effects of raindrop impacts and reflects the amount and rate of runoff associated with the rain • One of the parameters used by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation to estimate annual rates of erosion • Used when including erosion prediction in OpenNSPECTanalysis • Can be input as a raster file or a constant value

  23. Acquire R-Factor Data • Locate and acquire R-Factor for your study area coast.noaa.gov/ccapftp • Review R-Factor data • GeoTIFF (.tif) raster format • Metadata • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Assign the coordinate system to raster file

  24. Acquire R-Factor Data • Locate and acquire R-Factor for your study area coast.noaa.gov/ccapftp • Review R-Factor data • GeoTIFF (.tif) raster format • Metadata • Confirm the data are in a valid coordinate system • Assign the coordinate system to raster file

  25. Acquire and Process Soils Data Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database • County-level soil data • U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Conservation Service Soil data parameters are used to estimate sediment loads • Hydrologic soils group (measure of permeability) • K-factor (measure of erodibility)

  26. Acquire and Process Soils Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire soils data - WebSoilSurvey • Review the soils data • Extract relevant attributes from the database • Create a soil attribute spreadsheet and modify or fill in any values necessary • Join soils attributes to the spatial data • Export the joined spatial database to a new shapefile • If your study area fall within more than one county, merge the shapefiles • Reproject and clip the soils layer to your study area boundary

  27. Acquire and Process Soils Data Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire soils data - WebSoilSurvey • Review the soils data • Extract relevant attributes from the database • Create a soil attribute spreadsheet and modify or fill in any values necessary • Join soils attributes to the spatial data • Export the joined spatial database to a new shapefile • If your study area fall within more than one county, merge the shapefiles • Reproject and clip the soils layer to your study area boundary

  28. websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/WebSoilSurvey.aspx Overview of steps: • Locate and acquire soils data • Review the soils data • Extract relevant attributes from the database • Create a soil attribute spreadsheet and modify or fill in any values necessary • Join soils attributes to the spatial data • Export the joined spatial database to a new shapefile • If your study area fall within more than one county, merge the shapefiles • Reproject and clip the soils layer to your watershed boundary

  29. Study Area Boundary Can be derived from USGS HUC or elevation data USGS HUCs: • Download the 12-digit hydrologic units for your region at ftp://ftp.csc.noaa.gov/pub/crs/OpenNSPECT/SIMs/HUC12 • Select watersheds that intersect with your study area • Export selected polygons • Reproject to your preferred projection

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