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Understanding the Excretory System: Part 1 - Excretion Process

Learn about the vital process of excretion, which eliminates metabolic waste from the body. Explore how the skin, liver, lungs, and kidneys play key roles in removing waste products and maintaining homeostasis. Discover the functions of major organs such as kidneys, bladder, and ureters in filtering out toxins and regulating bodily fluids. Gain insights into the intricate functions of the excretory system and its significance for overall health.

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Understanding the Excretory System: Part 1 - Excretion Process

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  1. ExcretorySystem Part 1

  2. Excretion • Process that rids body of metabolic wastes: • Preformed by: a) Skin b) Liver c) Lungs d) Kidney f) Intestines

  3. a) Skin • Primarily to cool body • Perspiration includes: i) water ii) Salt (K+,Na+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Fe+) iii) urea

  4. b) Liver • Excretes: i) bile (breakdown of RBC) ii) urochrome (breakdown of heme) gives yellow color of urine

  5. c) Lungs • Excretes: i) CO2 ii) some H2O

  6. d) Kidneys • Excretes nitrogenous wastes: i) ammonia (NH3) – deamination of amino acid  toxic; therefore converted to urea ii) uric acid - nucleic acid breakdown iii) creatinine – from creatinine phosphate in muscle metabolism

  7. d) Kidneys • Also excretes: i) ions ii) water iii) detoxified drugs (penicillin, histamines) Urine is composed mainly of urea (~3%), salts (~2%), and water (~95%)

  8. e) Intestines • Excretes iron and calcium salts via feces

  9. Major Organs Kidney Renal artery Renal Vein Ureter Bladder Urethra

  10. Functions of major organ • Removal of metabolic waste • Maintain blood volume • Maintain blood pH • Brings blood to kidneys • Brings blood away from kidneys • 25cm tube from kidney to bladder via peristalsis • Hold up to 600mL – 1000 mL of urine • Hollow and muscular • Tube carrying urine out from bladder • ♀ ~1” long (carries urine only) • ♂ ~ 6” long (carries semen and urine)

  11. Adrenal Gland and Kidney Adrenal Cortex - Secretes hormone Aldosterone • Adrenal Medulla • Secretes adrenaline/noradrenalin • Epinephrine/norepinephrine

  12. Kidney Renal Medulla Renal pelvis Renal Pyramid Video

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