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Data Representation in Computers

Learn how computers represent data through electronic signals, binary digits, and character codes. Explore the concepts of bits, bytes, kilobits, megabits, gigabits, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and terabytes. Discover the differences between analog and digital signals, ASCII, EBCDIC, and Unicode. Enhance your knowledge of data storage and transfer measurement units.

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Data Representation in Computers

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  1. Processing Data

  2. OFF ON How does a computer represent data? • Electronic signals or impulses • Two types of signals • Analog- Continuous waveform; Examples- talking and computerized gas pumps. • Digital- On/off electrical states (bit); Examples- light switches and transistors; Most computers use digital signals. Digital Analog ON OFF

  3. 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 What are bits and bytes of data? • Bit (Binary digit)- On or off state of electric current; Basic unit of information; Represented by 1’s and 0’s (binary numbers). • Byte- Eight bits grouped together to represent a character (Alphabetical letters, numbers and punctuation symbols); 256 different combinations. OFF ON OR = 1 bit 0 1 = 1 Byte OR = 1 Byte

  4. 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 What are character codes? • Numerical data, that computers use, translated into characters readable by humans. • American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)- Eight bits; Used by minicomputers and personal computers • Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC)- Eight bits; Used by mainframe computers • Unicode- Uses 16 bits; over 65,000 combinations = 4 = A

  5. What are kilobits, megabits and gigabits? • Terms that describe units of data • Used for measuring datatransferrate (bits per second). Example- 56kbps Modem 1000 bits = 1 kilobit (kb) 1,000,000bits = 1 megabit (mb) 1,000,000,000 bits = 1 gigabit (gb)

  6. What are Kilobytes, Megabytes, Gigabytes and Terabytes? • Terms that describe units of data • Used to measure data storage. Example- 20 GB hard drive 8 bits = 1Byte 1024 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB) 1,048,576 Bytes = 1 Megabyte (MB) 1,043,741,824 Bytes = 1 Gigabyte (GB) 1,099,511,627,776 Bytes = 1 Terabyte (TB)

  7. THE END

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