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carbon and its compounds class 10 notes

What is functional group?<br>Functional groups are those which decide the chemical property of an <br>organic compounds. These groups contain Heteroatom<br>Heteroatom- Along with Carbon and Hydrogen, other elements are also <br>present. Those elements are called as Heteroatom<br><br>https://v-learning.in/live-course/854/chemistry-carbon-and-its-compounds-kseeb-cbse-vistas-learning

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carbon and its compounds class 10 notes

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  1. Quality Education For All Quality Education For All

  2. Carbon and its Compounds Carbon and its Compounds Session 5 Functional Groups

  3. What is functional group? Functional groups are those which decide the chemical property of an organic compounds. These groups contain Heteroatom Heteroatom- Along with Carbon and Hydrogen, other elements are also present. Those elements are called as Heteroatom

  4. Some of the Heteroatoms are Oxygen Hydrogen Nitrogen Chlorine Bromine Iodine

  5. In a hydrocarbon chain one or more atom can be replaced by these elements such that the valency of the carbon remains satisfied. The nature of the organic compound depends on the functional groups present.

  6. Some Functional groups in carbon compounds.

  7. HOMOLOGOUS SERIES

  8. Homologous Series Series of same organic compounds but differ from adjacent members by –CH2 group is called as Homologous Series. Each member of homologous series is called as Homologue

  9. IUPAC Nomenclature of Compounds

  10. Nomenclature– Naming IUPAC- International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Rules for IUPAC Nomenclature • First name- Prefix Middle name- Word root Last name- Suffix

  11. • The group or atoms that should be mentioned as Prefix Group Name as Prefix -Cl Chloro -F Fluro -CH3 Methyl -Br Bromo

  12. • The number of carbon atoms should be mentioned as word root 1 C Meth 2 C Eth For example 3 C Prop 4 C But 5 C Pent 6 C Hex 7 C Hept 8 C Oct 9 C Non

  13. • Writing Suffix Functional Group should be mentioned as Suffix Group Name -OH ol -CHO al -COOH oic >C=O one

  14. CH3-CH2-CH2-Br Steps • Start numbering the carbon atom present in the chain Note- Numbering should be done in such a way that the functional group containing Carbon should get a least number • Write the prefix 1-Bromo • Mention Word Root Count the number of Carbon atoms Here it has 3 carbon atoms therefore the word root is Prop • Mention the Suffix present

  15. If single bond is present in between Carbon atoms – ane is added in suffix If double bond is present – ene is added If triple bond is present –yne is added So the name of the given compound is 1-Bromopropane CH3-CH2-CH2-Br

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