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Periclean Age, 462-429 and Classical Athens, 462-399

Periclean Age, 462-429 and Classical Athens, 462-399. From Homer to Pericles ca. 750 to ca. 450 BCE. Changes in artistic production lyric (personal, emotional) poetry, dramatic poetry, historiography temple and civic architecture, vase painting, sculpture Changes in intellectual inquiry

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Periclean Age, 462-429 and Classical Athens, 462-399

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  1. Periclean Age, 462-429and Classical Athens, 462-399

  2. From Homer to Periclesca. 750 to ca. 450 BCE • Changes in artistic production • lyric (personal, emotional) poetry, dramatic poetry, historiography • temple and civic architecture, vase painting, sculpture • Changes in intellectual inquiry • Pre-Socratic philosophy, kosmos, natural phenomena (Miletos, A. Minor) • symposium, Socrates, Plato, education, sophists • Changes in social organization • stratified society: polis of citizens, slaves, metics, women • economic opportunities, systems of justice: lawcodes, jurycourts • Changes in political organization • monarchies / aristocracies  tyrannies, oligarchies • democracy: δημοκρατία, dêmokratia, “authority of people,” Athens 508

  3. Values in Classical Athens • aretê – “excellence” – human achievement according to a value system • kleos – “reputation” – the construction of one’s name • timê – “honor” – how others assess you • isêgoria – “equal right of speech” • isonomia – “political equality” • dêmokratia – “authority of the people” or “government (i.e., power) in the hands of the dêmos”

  4. Persian Wars, 499-479 BCEChallenges to Athenian values

  5. DelianLeague 478Athenian Empire 454

  6. Athens 432 BCE: eve of the Peloponnesian War (Prof. Mechem’s lecture on Wednesday)

  7. Athens 432 BCE: eve of the Peloponnesian War

  8. Athens 432 BCE: eve of the Peloponnesian War

  9. Athens 432 BCE: eve of the Peloponnesian WarLong Walls, built ca. 460-450 BCE Athens Peiraeus

  10. Periclean Age 462-429 BCEPericles of Athens • c. 495 born to Xanthippos (politician) and Agariste (influential family) • educated in music, philosophy, rhetoric, military strategy • 472 serves as choregos(producer) for Aeschylus’ Persians • 462 launches political career: reforms (“radical democracy”) • pay for jurors, magistracies open to all, redefined citizenship, reduced power of Council of Areopagus (Aeschylus’ Eumenides) • 455-431 elected strategos every year • 460-446 wages war against Sparta and her allies, tightens grip on allies, imposes democracies • 432-431 helps precipitate Peloponnesian War, devises war strategy • 430/29 not re-elected • 429/8 re-elected • 429 contracts plague and dies

  11. Peloponnesian War 432-404 BCEAthens & allies vs. Sparta & allies

  12. Hoplite & trireme warfare

  13. Archidamian War, 432/1-422/1 ATTICA Athens

  14. Funeral Oration 432 BCE

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