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Chemistry Naming and Formulas Guide

Learn how to name and write formulas for covalent and ionic compounds, including binary and ternary compounds. Understand prefixes, charges, and roman numerals for metals with multiple charges. Practice identifying and naming compounds with step-by-step examples.

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Chemistry Naming and Formulas Guide

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  1. A) Nomenclature (naming) compounds1. Covalent2. Ionic • B) Writing proper formulas

  2. Covalent or Ionic • Ionic: ___________ + _____________ • Covalent: __________ + ___________ • NaCl I or C SO2 I or C • P2Cl4 I or C AgCl I or C • FeCl3 I or C MnO I or C • CaO I or C NS2 I or C

  3. Naming molecular compounds • Covalent Bonds Non-metal + non-metal • Prefixes are used to determine the number of each element (Except when the first element has only ONE (1) • Number Prefix • 1 _______- 6 ______- • 2 _______- 7 ______- • 3 _______- 8 ______- • 4 _______- 9 ______- • 5 _______- 10 ______- • First element = # prefix + element name • Second element = # prefix + element prefix + “ide”

  4. COVALENT COMPOUNDS • H2O ____________________ • CO2 ____________________ • CCl4 ____________________ • P2S4 ____________________

  5. N = NITRogen P = PHOSPHorus S = SULFur Cl = CHLORine Br = BROMine NITRide PHOSPHide SULFide CHLORide BROMide 2nd Element names (non-metals)

  6. WRITING FORMULAS from names • Determine each element & number • Tetrasulfur pentaoxide • Octanitrogen difluoride

  7. COVALENT COMPOUNDS

  8. Naming BINARY (2 elements) IONIC (one charge ONLY) • Some Ionic compounds have more than 2 elements. • NaSO4 Ca3(PO4)2 • (NH3)2SO4 MnSO4 • Some metals have more than one charge • Fe (+2, +3) Sn (+2, +4)

  9. Identification of compounds: List as either Covalent or Ionic. If Ionic, list as either Binary or Ternary (more than 2 elements) • 1. CO2 I or C if Ionic: Binary or Ternary • 2. CaCl2 I or C if Ionic: Binary or Ternary • 3. S2O5 I or C if Ionic: Binary or Ternary • 4. Na2SO4 I or C if Ionic: Binary or Ternary • 5. CoCl3 I or C if Ionic: Binary or Ternary • 6. Fe2O3 I or C if Ionic: Binary or Ternary • 7. N2Cl4 I or C if Ionic: Binary or Ternary • 8. Mn3(PO4)4 I or C if Ionic: Binary or Ternary

  10. Binary Ionic (one charge) • Name the metal • Name the non-metal prefix + “ide” • CaCl2 = Calcium chloride • Li2O = Lithium oxide

  11. Writing formulas of Binary Ionic • Determine the metal and its charges • Determine the non-metal and its charges • Criss-cross if necessary • 1. Lithium chloride 4. Potassium phosphide • 2. Calcium oxide 5. Boron fluoride • 3. Aluminum sulfide 6. Barium phosphide

  12. Determine the name from the formula • 1. Na2O 5. AlP • 2. Al2S3 6. Be3N2 • 3. Ba3P2 7. CsBr • 4. KI 8. Mg3N2

  13. REVIEW: Identifying IONIC & COVALENT FORMULA Ionic or Covalent Name CO2 I or C _________________ Na2S I or C _________________ Al2S3 I or C _________________ S2O5 I or C _________________

  14. “Up to this Point” • Covalent: _________________ + __________________ • Ionic: _________________ + __________________ • Binary: • Ternary: • Metal with only one charge:

  15. NEXT: Metals with more than one charge • LIST THE TWO POSSIBLE CHARGES AND THEIR APPROPRIATE NAME WITH ROMAN NUMERAL • Symbol Name • Iron: • Cobalt • Copper:

  16. Naming: Binary Ionic more than one charge • You must determine the charge of the metal. • (“REVERSE” Crisscross) • Co2S3 _________________________ • CoCl2 _________________________ • FeO _________________________ • FeP _________________________

  17. Formula for Binary Ionic more than one charge. • a. chromium (III) chloride _______________________ • b. tin (IV) oxide _______________________ • c. lead (II) oxide _______________________ • d. copper (II) iodide _______________________ • e. cobalt (II) oxide _______________________ • f. cobalt (III) oxide _______________________

  18. Naming Binary Ionic (more than one charge) • a. SnBr2 _______________________ • b. SnBr4 _______________________ • c. CrO _______________________ • d. Cr2O3 _______________________ • e. Fe2O3 _______________________ • f. HgI2 _______________________

  19. Write the formula • a. chromium (III) sulfide ________________ • b. manganese (IV) oxide ________________ • c. gold (III) chloride ________________ • d. titanium (IV) chloride ________________ • e. iron (II) bromide ________________ • f. iron (II) oxide ________________

  20. Write the proper name • a. PbCl2 _________________________________ • b. Fe2O3 _________________________________ • c. SnI2 _________________________________ • d. Hg2O _________________________________ • e. HgS _________________________________ • f. CuI _________________________________

  21. TERNARY COMPOUNDS: • Consist of a metal and a POLYATOMIC ion. • Poly = many atomic = atom ion = charge particle • A group of atoms that act as one large atom. Contains a specific charge.

  22. List of Polyatomic Ions

  23. Determining charges

  24. Identifying the polyatomic • When determining the formula: ends in “ate” or “ite”, except HYDROXIDE and CYANIDE • Or if it begins with AMMONIUM • Circle the polyatomic ion: • Calcium sulfate Aluminum phosphate • Tin (II) tartrate Ammonium oxide • Sometimes you can have two polyatomic ions • Ammonium sulfate

  25. Identifying the polyatomic ionfrom a formula • The polyatomic ion is always in a TERNARY compound. • It’s always after the METAL, unless the compound begins with NH4 (ammonium) • Draw a line between the (+) side and the (-) side • Circle the polyatomic ion • Li2SiO3 Al2(SO4)3 • LiClO3 NH4Br

  26. Naming the Polyatomic Ion

  27. Naming Ternary • Identify the ternary compound. • Determine whether or not the METAL requires a ROMAN NUMERAL (contains more than one charge===GREEN) • Name the Ternary compounds • CaSO4 : ___________________________ • Mn3(PO4)4 : ______________________________ • NH4Cl :____________________________

  28. Determining formulas for Ternary compounds. • Determine the charge of the CATION (+) ion either the METAL or NH4 • Determine the charge of the POLYATOMIC ion. • CRISSCROSS if necessary • Calcium sulfate:________ Barium hydroxide:________ • Iron (III) carbonate:_______ Ammonium sulfide:________

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