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Explore the evolution of Western art and architecture from 300 to 1400 AD, highlighting key monuments and artistic masterpieces. Notable sites include the renowned Santa Costanza in Rome, showcasing its distinctive exterior and intricate interior. Discover the exquisite Byzantine mosaics at San Vitale in Ravenna, and the iconic Great Mosque in Cordoba. This period also spans the grand Romanesque structures such as Cluny Abbey and Gothic masterpieces like Reims Cathedral and Notre Dame. Each work reflects the diverse cultural influences and advancements of medieval art.
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Santa Costanza:exterior, view from NW., ca. 350 A.D. Rome, Italy
Santa Sabina:interior, nave, view from west, begun ca. 422-432 A.D. Rome
Sarcophagus with Scenes from the Passion of Christ(probably from the Catacomb of Domitilla),mid-4th century A.D.
Christ carrying the Cross, detail of 1st [far left] panel, mid-4th century A.D.
Byzantine monumental Church mosaics are a crowning glory ofMedieval Art. One of the most famous of the surviving mosaics is in the Church of the Holy Wisdom in former Constantinople—the image of Christ on the walls of the upper southern gallery.
San Vitale: interior, view towards apse showing mosaics: [T] roundel portraits of Christ and Apostles; [TC] Lamb of God with Archangels; [C] Christ enthroned with Angels and Saints, ca. 547 A.D.
The Emperor Justinian and his retinue; detail of mosaic from the left side [north wall] of the apse, San Vitale, ca. 547 A.D.
German, Carolingian, Torhalle (gatehouse of the Benedictine abbey), Lorsch: exterior, view from north, 768-774
German, Ottonian, St. Cyriakus, Gernrode:exterior, Westbau, view from NW., 961-983 (west towers and choir enlarged late 12th century)
French, Romanesque, Abbey Church, Cluny: south transept ("Tower of the Blessed Water"), view from NW., 1088-1118
Islamic, Spain (Umayyad Period), Great Mosque, Cordoba:interior, arcades, begun 785-786; enlarged to 987
Great Mosque, Cordoba:interior, dome in front of the mihrab, added 965 (reign of al-Hakam II)