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Observational Astrophysics

Observational Astrophysics. Part II: Observations (5 p). May/June 2004: Rene´ Liseau Magnus Gålfalk. http://www.astro.su.se/utbildning/kurser/astro_obs2/. LOGISTICS. Travel Arrangements: Bring your own clothes Bring the 5 laptops Meeting: after check in

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Observational Astrophysics

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  1. Observational Astrophysics Part II: Observations (5 p) May/June 2004: Rene´ Liseau Magnus Gålfalk http://www.astro.su.se/utbildning/kurser/astro_obs2/ Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  2. LOGISTICS Travel Arrangements: Bring your own clothes Bring the 5 laptops Meeting: after check in (see itinary) Hotel: contact Ulla Engberg Group Formation*: 2 persons per group 1 proposal per group is o.k. But 1 report per person *forALFOSC Set-Up Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  3. Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  4. Writings • Observing Proposal • http://www.not.iac.es/ • -> Observing at NOT -> Applying for time • i. Title • ii. Abstract • iii. Scientific Rational & Immediate Objective (ugrads use Obs Programme) • iv. Justification of Requested Telescope Time & Lunar Phase • v. List of Targets, inc. Standard / Calibration Sources • vi. Observing Mode & Instrument Configuration • vii. Finder Charts • viii. Strategy for Data Reductions & Analysis (ugrads use IRAF) Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  5. Writings B. Final Report i. Title ii. Abstract iii. Introduction: (ugrads use Observational Programme from handouts) (a) put project into general context (b) focus on particular project iv. Observations (detailed description) v. Data Reductions (detailed description) vi. Results (results only – no discussion) vii. Discussion & Conclusions(not mandatory for ugrads) viii. References Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  6. HAND-OUTS 1 Itinary (detailed) 1 Goals of Course 1 Observing Programme 1 Source List 1 Magnitudes & Photometry 1 Time Definitions User Guides: 1 TCS (Telescope Control System) 1 ALFOSC 1 STANCAM 1 NOTCam 1 Filters 1 NOT-FITS 1 IRAF Example of Exp Time Calc: 1 Exam Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  7. PREPARING the OBSERVATIONS NOT May 27 to 29: ALFOSC (3 nights / 30 hr) long-slit spectroscopy May 30 to 31: STANCam & NOTCam (2 nights / 20 hr) BVR & JHK imaging SST June 2: Swedish Solar Telescope (1 day / 8-10 hr) [Dan Kiselman] Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  8. PREPARING the OBSERVATIONS • Source Coordinates • Needs Precession?http://fuse.pha.jhu.edu/support/tool/precess.html • Finder Charts [what is FOV of instrument?] • When observable? • Time of year • During the Night • What UT optimum? • Check the Moon http://www.eso.org/observing/support.html • What type of Observation? (Spectroscopy / Imaging) • When & Which Calibration Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  9. PREPARING the OBSERVATIONS Long-Slit Spectroscopy with ALFOSC • What spectral resolution ? • What wavelengths • What grisms (pixel sampling) • What filters • What slit widths (pixel sampling) • What position angles ? (rotator) • Orientation & peak up / point sources (stars) ? • Calibrators • Photometric Standard Stars I (Telluric Atmospheric Extinction) • Photometric Standard Stars I I (Interstellar Extinction) • Flux Calibrators • (in general: Wavelength Calibrators) Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  10. PREPARING the OBSERVATIONS Long-Slit Spectroscopy with ALFOSC cntd • What Quantum Efficiency ? (e.g., CCD#8) http://www.not.iac.es/technical/astronomical/detectors/ • What Integration Time? http://www.eso.org/observing/support.html -> Instrument Performance -> Exposure Time Calculator • What Overheads ? Total Telescope Time Estimate (Requested in Proposal) Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  11. PREPARING the OBSERVATIONS Imaging with STANCam & NOTCam • What spatial resolution ? • Pixel sampling and seeing • What Field of View • Calibrators • What Filters • Photometric Standard Stars I (Telluric Atmospheric Extinction) • Photometric Standard Stars I I (Interstellar Extinction) • Flux Calibrators • Whay Sky Background (La Palma) http://www.not.iac.es/-> Observing at NOT -> Applying for time Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  12. Astronomical Coordinates* Equatorial Coordinates(`Source Coordinates´) Right Ascension: R.A.ora (h m s) [0 to 24 hr] Declination: Dec.ord (o´ ´´) [-90o to +90o] Fundametal plane: Earth’s Equatorial Plane Zero Point: Vernal Equinox (g) Horizontal Coordinates(`Local Coordinates´) Azimuth : Az (degrees) [0o to 360o] Elevation (or Height): El (degrees) [-90o to +90o] Fundamental Plane: Local Horizontal Plane Zero Point: Northern Meridian * Several systems in use; we focus here on two Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  13. Astronomical Coordinates* Transformation Relations * Several systems in use; we focus here on two Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  14. Time panta rei 360 = 15 . 24 or 1 hr = 15o at the equator Siderial Time ST: (hour angle t of g, Sun at equator S to N) Universal Time UT: (previously Greenwich Mean Time GMT) Julian Date JD: (zero point 4713 BC) Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

  15. Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004

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