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كنورتور بسمر

كنورتور بسمر. عليرضاجم پاييز 90 . مقدمه:. هنري بسمر ( Bessemer ) -1855 ويليام كلي( Kelly ) -1851 اساس فولاد سازي بر اكسايش بنا شده است. Sir Henry Bessemer.

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كنورتور بسمر

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  1. كنورتور بسمر عليرضاجم پاييز 90

  2. مقدمه: • هنري بسمر (Bessemer) -1855 • ويليام كلي(Kelly) -1851 • اساس فولاد سازي بر اكسايش بنا شده است. Sir Henry Bessemer

  3. اختراع كنورتور: Bessmer’s report: 1-Some pieces of pig iron on one side of the bath attracted my attention by remaining unmelted in the great heat of the furnace, and I turned on a little more air through the fire-bridge with the intention of increasing the combustion.  On again opening the furnace door, after an interval of half an hour, these two pieces of pig still remained unfused.  I then took an iron bar, with the intention of pushing them into the bath, when I discovered that they were merely thin shells of decarburised iron ... showing that atmospheric air alone was capable of wholly decarburising grey pig iron, and converting it into malleable iron without puddling or any other Manipulation. Thus a new direction was given to my thoughts, and after due deliberation I became convinced that if air could be brought into contact with a sufficiently extensive surface of molten crude iron, it would rapidly convert it into malleable iron. 2- Bessemer's Early Steel Making Experiments (1854-55) 3- Bessemer's Optical Glass Furnace (c. 1850) 4- Publicity for Bessemer's First Converter (1856) 5- Bessemer's Tilting Converters (1858)

  4. فرايند بسمر: • بارگيري مذاب در حالت افقي • دمش هوا از كف كنورتور • بازگشت كنورتور به حالت عمودي • سوختن كربن و عناصر ديگر • بالارفتن دماي مذاب در اثر واكنش ها • محصول فولاد

  5. واكنش هاي مهم شيميايي كنورتور: 2Fe+O₂ 2Feo 2Mn+O₂2Mno Si+O₂Sio₂ 2C+O₂ 2Co C+O₂ CO₂

  6. معايب كنورتور بسمر مزايا كنورتور بسمر فسفرزدايي و گوگرد زدايي امكان پذير نيست. موارد استفاده فولاد محدود مقدار N₂ نسبت به روش هاي ديگر بيشتر است بدون مصرف سوخت حجم توليد بالا سرعت مناسب كيفيت مقبول براي برخي كاربردها Content nitrogen in pig &various steels

  7. منسوخ شدن فرايند بسمر: دليل اصلي منسوخ شدن فرايند بسمر اين است كه به طريق اسيدي نمي توان فسفر زدايي كرد و اين در حالي است كه اكثر خريدان فولاد خواهان آن هستند كه در فولاد توليد شده،مقدار فسفر حداقل باشد،ولي سنگ هاي كاني آهن با مقدار فسفر ناچيز به ندرت پيدا شده و گران قيمت آنها نيز گران است.و همچنين بالا بودن ميزان ازت در فولاد.

  8. منابع و مراجع: • Asm handbook, vol 15, page 46-47 • Nation of steel, thomasj.misa • Handbook of chemical thecnology & pollution control, Martin b.hocking, page 430-431 • كنكوركارشناسي ارشد مهندسي مواد، كتاب پنجم، ص 72-61

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