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§2.8 Δ S 的计算

§2.8 Δ S 的计算. 总原则:设计成可逆过程利用 等温过程 ①理想气体等温可逆膨胀 H=f(T),U=f(T), Δ U=0 Δ U=Q+W, ② 可逆相变过程 ③. 非等温过程 ①等压 ②等容 ③设计框图,已知某一温度下的 ,求 另一温度下的 298K 例: P , 环境中 1mol , -10 求体系的 ΔS ,并判断此过程是否可 逆 已知.

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§2.8 Δ S 的计算

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  1. §2.8 ΔS的计算 总原则:设计成可逆过程利用 等温过程 ①理想气体等温可逆膨胀 H=f(T),U=f(T),ΔU=0 ΔU=Q+W, ②可逆相变过程 ③

  2. 非等温过程 ①等压 ②等容 ③设计框图,已知某一温度下的 ,求 另一温度下的 298K 例:P, 环境中1mol,-10 求体系的ΔS,并判断此过程是否可 逆 已知

  3. -10℃ H2O(s) 0℃ H2O(s) 0 ℃ H2O(s) 0℃ H2O(l) 0 ℃ H2O(l) 25℃ H2O(l) Q的计算板书 设计成可逆过程计算熵变

  4. 或者构建绝热体系 例:在 下,将 在一绝热硬质容皿中等压 混合到达平衡,已知 求a)Q,W,ΔU和ΔH b)平衡时的温度 c) ΔS

  5. 课堂练习题 n mol理想气体,从P1V1T1变化到P2V2T2,求ΔS . 途径1:P1V1T1等温P2V’T1,等压P2V2T2 途径2: P1V1T1等温P’V2T1,等容P2V2T2 试证明其“殊途同归”, ΔS 只与起始和终了状态有关。状态函数的特点。

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