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Gonad Glands

Gonad Glands. By: Michelle Soroksky, Mahlet Mesfin, & Gaby Valenzuela – Period 2. Endocrine System.

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Gonad Glands

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  1. Gonad Glands By: Michelle Soroksky, Mahlet Mesfin, & Gaby Valenzuela – Period 2

  2. Endocrine System • The endocrine system is a collection of glands, each of which secrets different types of hormones that regulates metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep and mood, among other things. • The endocrine system Is one of the most important systemsbecause it roducesand manages our hormones making sure there is a balances amount

  3. Gonad Glands • Gonads are the organs that make gametes. The gonads in males are the testes and in females they are the ovaries. • Gametes are haploid germ cells. In males they are spermatozoon and in the females they are the egg cells

  4. Location Women: ovaries; on both sides of the uterus below the opening of the fallopian tubes Men: testes; hang in a pouch of skin called a scrotum outside the male body

  5. Role & Function • The gonads are the male or female sex organs. They make sperm and egg cells.

  6. Hormones • Females: estrogen and progesterone • Males: testosterone androsterone

  7. Estrogen and Progesterone • Controls a woman’s menstrual cycle • Cyclic changes inside the uterus: • 1. The development, ripening, and discharge of the egg (ovulation) to be fertilized • 2. The preparation of the lining of the uterus to receive a fertilized egg • 3. Dismantling of the lining

  8. Testosterone • Testosterone is the most active and abundant of the androgens. It helps grow facial hair and helps to create/grow the male reproductive system

  9. Androsterone • Androsterone is one of the androgens, which are steroid hormones that affect the masculinization of the fetus and child that maintain or create masculine traits in adults.

  10. Hypogonadotropichypogonadism Causes and Symptoms Diagram • Description:  a condition in which the gonad glands produce little or no sex hormones. • Causes: • a lack of hormones that stimulate the ovaries or testes (FSH) • Genetic defects • High doses or long-term use of opioid or steroid medications • Symptoms: • Females: Lack of breasts and menstrual periods • Males: No development of sex characteristics • Both: Inability to smell, short stature, lack of development at puberty

  11. Menopause Description, Causes, & Symptoms Diagram • Description: When a woman does not produce eggs anymore and menstruation has stopped completely • Causes: • A woman’s ovaries stop making eggs and they produce less estrogen and progesterone • Symptoms: • Irregular menstrual periods, estrogen/progesterone levels decrease, egg production becomes infrequent

  12. Fun Facts • Females are born with all the eggs they will ever have. Males don't start to make sperm until puberty, and continue to make new supplies their whole life. • The testes hang away from the body in the scrotum because sperm needs to be kept a few degrees cooler than body temperature to function best. • The testis are kept separate from the rest of the body by something called the 'blood-testis barrier'. This stops the immune system from seeing the testes, because it would see the sperm cells as foreign and try to destroy them. • The gonads in both sexes are the main source of sex steroid hormones (estrogen and progesterone in females, testosterone in males)

  13. Bibliographies • Diagram showing Gonad diseases. Wkimedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/51/Diagram_showing_the_disruption_of_the_hormonal_pathways_of_puberty_due_to_the_failure_of_GnRH_release_seen_in_KS_and_HH.gif>. • Endocrine System Diagram. Pauerhome. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://www.pauerhome.com/ryan/endocrine_system/endocrine_system_diagrams/gonads_diagram.jpg>. • FAQs. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://www.faqs.org/health-encyc/Diseases-of-The-Body/Diseases-of-the-Endocrine-Glands.html#b>. • Fertilization. Wikipedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sperm-egg.jpg>. • "The Gonads." FAQs. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://www.faqs.org/health-encyc/Your-Body/The-Endocrine-Glands-The-gonads.html>. • Gonads. Medicalook. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://www.medicalook.com/systems_images/Gonads_large.gif>. • "Human Gonad." Wikipedia. N.p.: n.p., n.d.Wikipedia. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_gonad>. • "Spermatozoon." Wikipedia. N.p.: n.p., n.d.Wikipedia. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatozoon>. • Testicle. Medical.cdn.patient.co.uk. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://medical.cdn.patient.co.uk/images/146.gif>. • "Uterus." WiseGeek. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. <http://images.wisegeek.com/b85850ab01f30cb0d3e105ab165533e1.jpg>. • Shmaefsky, Brian R. "Gonads." Applied Anatomy & Physiology. N.p.: n.p., 2007.      277-78. Print.  • "Menopause." A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. Print.  • Androsterone. Ebay. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Mar. 2013. <http://reviews.ebay.com/ What-Are-PROHORMONES-Guide?ugid=10000000006223516>.  • "Hypogonadotropichypogonadism." PubMed Health. N.p., 16 Aug. 2012. Web. 10 Mar.      2013. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001427/>. 

  14. Concept Check • 1. The gonad in males is/are A) testosterone B) ovaries C) Testes D) Scrotum • 2. The gonads in females is/are A) estrogen B) Ovaries C) Womb D) Fallopian tubes • 3. The role of Gonads in males is to A) make egg cells B) make sperm cells C) help with hair growth D) protect organs • 4.Open Ended: What is the function of the gonads in the human body?

  15. C • B • B • Gonads are the organs that make gametes. The gonads in males are the testes and in females they are the ovaries.

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