Alcohol Overview

1. Alcohol Overview • Spectrum of use – not necessarily daily use. • What is the legal age for consuming alcohol? • Why? • The myelin sheathencompassing the brain reaches it’s fullest thickness at about age 21

2. Of all the people who choose to consume alcohol, what percent become addicted? 30% People who begin drinking alcohol under the age of 21 are 4 times more likely to become addicted.

3. Depressant or Stimulant • Depressants Slow down the central nervous system; breathing, heart rate, etc. Ex: sleeping pills • Stimulants Speed up the central nervous system; breathing, heart rate, etc. Ex: methamphetamines Is alcohol a STIMULANT or a DEPRESSANT? Depressant

4. Alcohol is also a mood enhancer. Good mood >>>>> GREAT mood. Bad mood >>>>> WORSE mood. Alcohol is also a DEHYDRATOR. -mainly dehydrating the brain and kidneys.

5. Blackout or Passout • Passout Appear to be asleep, but cannot be woken • Blackout Up and functioning but cannot remember parts of it.

6. Police: Drunken driver decapitated best friend ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Marietta, Ga – a drunken driver ran off the road and sideswiped a telephone pole support wire, decapitating his best friend, who was hanging out the passenger window, police say. John Hutcherson, 21, then drove 12 miles back to his suburban Atlanta home early Sunday and went to sleep in his bloody clothes, leaving the headless body in the truck. A neighbor walking with his baby daughter Sunday discovered 23 year old Francis Brohm’s headless corpse in the parked truck and called authorities. The head was found in the bushes near the pole. Hutcherson was charged with vehicular homicide, driving under the influence, and other offenses. He was jailed Monday on $100,000 bail.

7. What percent of people are driving drunk after 10:00 pm? 10%

8. What is the legal drinking age in the state of Idaho? 21 B.A.C. stands for Blood Alcohol Content What is the legal limit for B.A.C in the state of Idaho? .08

9. How much would I have to drink to reach a .08? Depends on 5 major things: tolerance age Size gender Food – empty stomach

10. A driver with a B.A.C of .08 or higher will be charged with what? DUI Driving Under the Influence

11. Three face charges in student’s alcohol death Corvallis, Ore. – Two Oregon State football players and a former teammate have been formally charged in the alcohol poisoning death of an 18 year old found in a dorm room with more than 5 times the legal limit of alcohol in his blood. Lance Strickland’s body was found in an empty dorm room over Labor Day weekend with a blood alcohol content of .43 percent, officials said Monday. Two Oregon state football players, Michael Marks and Greggory Peat, both 18, have been charged with two counts of giving alcohol to Strickland an to another man, said Benton County District Attorney Scott Heiser. Additionally, a former member of the team, 21 year old John Ronnfeldt, faces four counts of furnishing alcohol to Strickland, Marks Peat and another man, Heiser said. Binge Drinking: Drinking with the intent to get drunk, drinking too much too quickly, or drinking 5 or more drinks at a time.

12. 30% It is estimated that approximately of all preventable deaths in the US are related to the intake of alcohol.

13. The LIVER is the largest gland in the body. The liver weighs about 3 pounds and is about the size of a football. It sits behind the ribcage on the upper right side near the stomach.

14. The liver is responsible for over 500 functions in the body. *Plays a role in processing food, sugar and fat Converts food to energy. *Helps fight off illness and disease. *Filters and purifies almost everything you eat, drink, breathe and even what you get on your skin. Breaks down poisons like those found in alcohol. *Stores vitamins and iron and helps clot the blood

15. It takes the liver approximately 1 hour to metabolize one average size serving of alcohol.

16. CIRRHOSIS. When the liver develops a rough surface of scar tissue.

17. Varicose veins of the esophagus. The esophagus connects the mouth to the stomach. Repeat vomiting causes the veins of the esophagus to become varicose. They can then rupture and cause the person to vomit blood.

18. Ulcer of the stomach. Alcohol use irritates ulcers and causes them not to heal. What chemical in a cigarette causes ulcers to form – do you remember? Nicotine

19. Alcohol- conditions Arteriosclerosis: a hardening of the arteries. It is also a major cause of heart attack and stroke. Four main things that lead to arteriosclerosis: Alcohol Tobacco Fatty foods, poor nutrition Lack of exercise

20. Stroke. A clot in a vessel feeding the brain. This can cause death or disability depending on the severity of the stroke.

21. Heart Attack. Enlarged heart, clogged vessel, or vessel that tears. This can cause death or disability depending on the severity of the clot.

22. Cerebellar degeneration. The cerebellum controls balance and coordination. Long-term, heavy use of alcohol destroys the cerebellum. The cerebellum has tight branches inside it, much like that of a tree. Damage to the cerebellum results in staggering, uncoordinated movement and slurred speech. Unfortunately, this damage is not repairable.

23. Breast Cancer. Just 3 drinks per week increases your chance of developing breast cancer. Can males develop breast cancer? Yes Hormones: testosterone and estrogen What 2 drugs goof up these 2 hormones? Steroids and Marijuana

24. F.A.S - Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Caused by a mother drinking while pregnant. -wide set eyes -short, upturned nose -flattened cheekbones -thin upper lip Fetal means unborn baby. Fatal means deadly.

25. 1. FAS and FAE are caused by a woman drinking alcohol while pregnant. TRUE – damage can be caused by alcohol throughout the pregnancy. 2. A can of beer, a glass of wine, a shot of hard liquor and a wine cooler all contain different amounts of alcohol. FALSE – all 4 contain approximately the same amount of alcohol per standard serving.

26. 3. The only way to prevent FAS and FAE is to NOT drink alcohol while pregnant. TRUE – Since there is no known safe amount for a pregnant woman to drink, the only sure way of preventing FAS and FAE is to NOT drink while pregnant.

27. 4. Good food and love will help a child with FAS to “catch up” with other children in size and mental development. FALSE – Once the damage has been done, the child will be unable to “catch up.” Good food and love cannot “undo” brain damage.

28. 5. A person affected with FAS or FAE could be sitting right next to you and you might not know it. TRUE – People affected with FAS or FAE may look like everyone else and have IQ’s in the normal range. We may not be able to see the brain damage that came with this birth defect. In some children the physical facial characteristics may be seen. -wide set eyes -short, upturned nose -flattened cheekbones -thin upper lip

29. 6. Men can’t do anything to prevent FAS FALSE – Men can HELP prevent FAS by choosing to not drink alcohol and encouraging their partner to choose not to drink alcohol as well.

30. 7. The placenta protects the baby from any alcohol the mother consumes. FALSE – The umbilical cord is responsible for carrying nutrients to the fetus – it does not have the ability to filter out poisons.

31. 8. FAS can be passed on genetically. If your mom or dad was born with FAS, there is a good chance you will as well. FALSE – This birth defect is not related to genetics. It is a result of drinking alcohol while pregnant.

32. 9. Alcoholism is a genetic trait that runs in families; much like brown eyes or blonde hair. TRUE – Yes, research has continually shown that children of alcoholics are at a much greater risk of becoming alcoholics than children who are not born to parents who consume alcohol. It takes about 3 generations to break the cycle of addiction.

33. In the U.S., there are approximately 500 ER visits per night related to underage drinking. 2 out of 3 murders involve alcohol 2 out of 5 assaults involve alcohol. 3 out of 5 cases of child abuse involve alcohol

34. 10,322 people die in alcohol related car crashes each year in the U.S. Drunk driving fatalities accounted for 40% of traffic fatalities during the 2012 holidays and high BAC (.15) drivers accounted for 70% of drunk driving fatalities. Underage drunk driving fatalities have declined 60% from 1991 to 2012.

35. In 2012 in the State of Idaho: -There were 113 DUI arrests for under age 18 -There were 9,097 DUI arrests for adults. **That’s a total of about 25 per day in Idaho.

36. The 3rd leading cause of death in America is alcohol related. 1 – lung cancer 2 – heart disease #1 cause of death for a 16 year old kid? Alcohol related car crashes

37. 35 teens die each week in alcohol related car crashes – about 5 per day. About 5,000 teens die each year as a result of underage drinking, 1,900 of those are from auto accidents. That is about 96 kids per week. Every 32 seconds a person is injured in an alcohol related incident. During this class period, how many incidents will that be? 90

38. -breathing -heart rate -digestion -metabolism When alcohol reaches the vital center of the brain, 4 major things will shut down:

39. What help is available for people struggling with alcohol issues? *School Counselors and group counseling *AA – Alcoholics Anonymous – helps the person dealing with addiction *Alateen – helps children of alcoholic parents *Al-Anon – helps husbands, wives and friends of alcoholics