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bioMOLECULES

bioMOLECULES. THE STUFF OF LIFE. Biomolecules. Organic molecules made up of: Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen a nd sometimes Phosphorus. LATIN 101. Poly = Many Mono = O ne Hydro = Water (actually Greek) Synthesis = to make or form Lysis = loosen;

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bioMOLECULES

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  1. bioMOLECULES THE STUFF OF LIFE

  2. Biomolecules Organic molecules made up of: • Carbon • Hydrogen • Nitrogen • Oxygen • and sometimes Phosphorus

  3. LATIN 101 • Poly = Many • Mono = One • Hydro = Water (actually Greek) • Synthesis = to make or form • Lysis = loosen; break apart • Lipos = fat

  4. Carbon compounds and cells • Life as we know it is carbon-based. • A carbon atom can form chemical bonds with other carbon atoms in long chains or rings.

  5. Carbon compounds and cells • Carbon compounds in living things include: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.

  6. ORGANIC compounds-COMPOUNDSTHAT CONTAIN THE ELEMENT CARBON 95% of all compounds are organic Example: Glucose C6H12O6

  7. BUILDING BLOCKS ANALOGY

  8. Polymers – large organic molecules made of smaller parts known as monomers (Building blocks of polymers)

  9. FOUR MACROMoleculeSof LIFE

  10. CARBOHYDRATES • Carbohydrates are energy-rich compounds made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (they store energy) • Cells use carbohydrates to get and store energy. • Carbohydrates add structure to plants (cellulose) • Carbohydrates are also called sugars or starches.

  11. Carbohydrates • Plant cells store energy as starch. • Rice, potatoes, and wheat are plant starches.

  12. CARBOHYDRATES

  13. LIPIDS • Lipids are made by cells to store energy for long periods of time. • Used to make membranes in cells. • Lipids include fats, oils, and waxes. Can you think of examples of lipids in plants or animals?

  14. LIPIDS “Lipos-FAT”

  15. PROTEINS • Proteins are very large molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. • Protein molecules are made of chains of smaller molecules called amino acids. • Control structure & metabolism of cells

  16. PROTEINS

  17. NUCLEIC ACIDS • Nucleic acidsare compounds made of long, repeating chains called nucleotides. • DNA is a nucleic acid that contains the information cells need to make all of their proteins. DNA is the “blueprint” for living organisms.

  18. Nucleic acids

  19. Nucleotide – monomer of nucleic acids

  20. DNA • Some scientists refer to DNA as the “blueprint” for life. What is a blueprint and why might scientists use this “analogy”?

  21. QUIZ TIME WHAT DO YOU KNOW?

  22. Am I a Carbohydrate, nucleic acid, Protein or lipid? NOTICE: C,H,O and the 2:1 ratio of H to O

  23. Am I a Carbohydrate, nucleic acid, Protein or lipid? NOTICE: the twisted shape of DNA

  24. Am I a Carbohydrate, nucleic acid, Protein or lipid? NOTICE: The Glycerol back bone and fatty acid tails

  25. am I a Carbohydrate, nucleic acid, Protein or lipid? NOTICE: The amino acid monomers

  26. Am I a Carbohydrate, nucleic acid, Protein or lipid?

  27. Am I a Carbohydrate, nucleic acid, Protein or lipid?

  28. Am I a Carbohydrate, nucleic acid, Protein or lipid? CHROMOSOME

  29. Am I a Carbohydrate, nucleic acid, Protein or lipid?

  30. Am I a Carbohydrate, nucleic acid, Protein or lipid? NOTICE: The phospate, sugar and base

  31. Am I a Carbohydrate, nucleic acid, Protein or lipid? NOTICE: The nitrogen and R-group

  32. MACROMOLECULE FOLDABLE Fold and cut a piece of paper as shown below to make 4 tabs. Hamburger-fold Then, fold this in half a piece of paper. to make creases for flaps. Next. Open the paper up and Cut along the creases fold the edges to the center. to make flaps. A B C D • FRONT SIDE OF TABS: • Tab A • 1. Label the tab CARBOHYDRATE (BLUE). • 2. Write a basic description. • 3. Sketch and color a GLUCOSE molecule • TAB B • 1. Label the tab LIPID (GREEN) • 2. List what lipids include. • 3. Sketch and label a TRIGLYCERIDE molecule. • TAB C • 1. Label the tab PROTEIN (RED) • 2. Write a basic description. • 3. Sketch and color an AMINO ACID • TAB D • 1. Label the tab NUCLEIC ACID (PURPLE) • 2. Write a basic description. • 3. Sketch and color a NUCLEOTIDE • BACK SIDE OF TABS: • TAB A • 1. Give 2 FUNCTIONS OF CARBOHYDRATES • 2. List 4 EXAMPLES OF CARBOHYDRATES • TAB B • 1. Give 2 FUNCTIONS OF LIPID • 2. List 4 EXAMPLES OF LIPIDS  • TAB C • 1. Give 4 FUNCTIONS OF PROTEIN • 2. List 2 EXAMPLES OF PROTEINS  • TAB D • 1. Give 2 FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS • 2. List 2 EXAMPLES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS • ON THE INSIDE CENTER SECTION, write this heading at the top of the page: • “COMPOUNDS IN A PERSON”. • Draw a human, and show where/how the 4 macromolecules are used in the body. • On the back of the Foldable, write your name and class period. • Below your name and class period, write and define the following terms: • 1. POLYMER (also – draw and label a diagram) • 2. MONOMER (also – draw and label a diagram)

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