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Neural and Hormonal Systems: How Neurons Communicate

Learn about the fascinating world of neural and hormonal systems, exploring how neurons communicate through electrochemical processes and neurotransmitters. Discover the steps of action potential and the role of neurotransmitters in controlling various functions in the body.

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Neural and Hormonal Systems: How Neurons Communicate

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  1. Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Neural and Hormonal Systems Nervous Strong Sick Pain

  2. It all Starts with the Neuron

  3. Neuron Structure Neurons do NOT touch each other- the space in between is called the .

  4. How a Neuron Fires It is an electrochemical process • Electrical inside the neuron • Chemical outside the neuron (in the synapse in the form of a neurotransmitter). • The firing is called an .

  5. The All-or None Response • The idea that either the neuron fires or it does not- no part way firing. • Like a toilet • the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

  6. Steps of Action Potential • Dendrites receive neurotransmitter from another neuron across the synapse. • Reached its threshold- then fires based on the all-or-none response. • Opens up a portal in axon, and lets in positive ions (Sodium) which mix with negative ions (Potassium) that is already inside the axon (thus Neurons at rest have a slightly negative charge). • The mixing of + and – ions causes an electrical charge that opens up the next portal (letting in more K) while closing the original portal. • Process continues down axon to the axon terminal. • Terminal buttons turns electrical charge into chemical (neurotransmitter) and shoots message to next neuron across the synapse.

  7. Action Potential

  8. How Neurons Communicate Hand Holding Activity

  9. Neurotransmitters • Chemical messengers released by axon terminals through the synapse. • We should know at least 4 types and what they do. • They are either or

  10. Acetylcholine • Its function is motor movement and maybe memory. To much and you will…. Not enough and you will…. Lack of ACH has been linked to….

  11. Dopamine • Its function is motor movement and alertness. Lack of dopamine is associated with Overabundance is associated with

  12. Serotonin • Function deals with mood control. Lack of serotonin has been linked to

  13. Endorphins • Function deals with We become to endorphin causing feelings.

  14. Neurotransmitter Cheat Sheet

  15. Agonists and Antagonists

  16. Types of Neurons Sensory Neurons Motor Neurons Inter Neurons

  17. Sensory Neurons • Take information from the to the .

  18. Motor Neurons • Take information from to the rest of the .

  19. Inter Neurons(Relay Neurons) • Take messages from to other parts of the brain or to

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