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Maintaining Homeostasis: The Human Organism's Biological Organization

Explore the intricate biological organization of the human body, from cells to organs to systems, all working together to achieve homeostasis. Learn about the integumentary system, skin functions, directional terms, and common skin conditions like skin cancer and burns.

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Maintaining Homeostasis: The Human Organism's Biological Organization

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  1. HOMEOSTASIS THE HUMAN ORGANISM

  2. Biological Organization is Based on Structure Natural organization is based on a system of increasing complexity: • Cells • Tissues • Organs • Organ Systems

  3. BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION • Tissues join together • Organs work together • Goal of the organism is to

  4. HOMEOSTASIS • Homeostasis: • Homeo = • Stasis =

  5. HOMEOSTASIS • Required Components: • Stimulus • Receptor(s) • Afferent pathway • Control center • Efferent pathway • Effector

  6. HOMEOSTASIS • Homeostasis is Maintained

  7. HOMEOSTATIC IMBALANCE • Disturbance of homeostasis is the underlying cause of many human diseases

  8. ANATOMICAL POSITION

  9. DIRECTIONAL TERMS • Superior & Inferior • Anterior & Posterior • Medial & Lateral

  10. DIRECTIONAL TERMS • Proximal & Distal • Superficial & Deep

  11. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM THE HUMAN ORGANISM

  12. FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM • Protection: • Body Temperature Regulation: • Cutaneous Sensation:

  13. FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM • Metabolic Functions: • Blood Reservoir: • Excretion:

  14. INTEGUMENT The Skin • Three Regions: • Epidermis • Dermis • Hypodermis

  15. EPIDERMIS Epidermis: • Composed of • Cell types include: • Exposed to external environment

  16. EPIDERMIS Cells of Epidermis: • Keratinocytes • Melanocytes • Langerhans’ Cells • Merkel Cells

  17. DERMIS Dermis: • Second major skin region • Also contains:

  18. HYPODERMIS Hypodermis:

  19. SKIN COLOR Three Pigments Contribute to Skin Color: • Melanin: • Carotene: • Hemoglobin:

  20. NAILS Nail: • Clear, protective covering on distal & dorsal surface of fingers & toes • Cells produced in nail matrix push out distally over nail bed

  21. HAIR Hair • Functions Include:

  22. HAIR Hair: • Made up of: • Shaft • Root

  23. HAIR LOSS • Alopecia: • True Baldness:

  24. SKIN CANCER • Three Major Types of Skin Cancer: • Basal Cell Carcinoma • Squamous Cell Carcinoma • Melanoma

  25. SKIN CANCER Basal Cell Carcinoma:

  26. SKIN CANCER Squamous Cell Carcinoma:

  27. SKIN CANCER Melanoma:

  28. SKIN CANCER Melanoma: • Melanomas have the following characteristics (ABCD rule) • A: Asymmetry: • B: Border: • C: Color: • D: Diameter:

  29. BURNS Levels of Severity: • First-Degree: • Second-Degree: • Third-Degree:

  30. BURNS Burns Considered Critical If:

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