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Circuit Switching

Circuit Switching. Circuit-switched network. A switched network consists of a series of interlinked nodes, called switches. Switches are hardware and/or software devices capable of creating temporary connections between two or more devices linked to the switch but not to each other.

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Circuit Switching

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  1. Circuit Switching

  2. Circuit-switched network A switched network consists of a series of interlinked nodes, called switches. Switches are hardware and/or software devices capable of creating temporary connections between two or more devices linked to the switch but not to each other.

  3. Circuit Switching Circuit switching creates a direct physical connection between two devices. A circuit switch

  4. Crossbar switch

  5. Multistage switch

  6. Switching path

  7. Time-division multiplexing, without and with a time-slot interchange

  8. Time-slot interchange

  9. TDM bus

  10. TST switch

  11. Telephone Network

  12. A telephone system Note: The telephone network is an example of circuit switched network.

  13. Note: Intra-LATA services are provided by local exchange carriers. Since 1996, there are two types of LECs: incumbent local exchange carriers and competitive local exchange carriers.

  14. Switching offices in a LATA

  15. POPs

  16. Note: Voice communication used analog signals in the past, but is now moving to digital signals. On the other hand, dialing started with digital signals (rotary) and is now moving to analog signals (touch-tone).

  17. High-SpeedDigital Access:DSL, Cable Modem, and SONET

  18. Note: ADSL is an asymmetric communication technology designed for residential users; it is not suitable for businesses.

  19. Note: The existing local loops can handle bandwidths up to 1.1 MHz.

  20. Note: ADSL is an adaptive technology. The system uses a data rate based on the condition of the local loop line.

  21. DMT

  22. Bandwidth division

  23. ADSL modem

  24. DSLAM

  25. Cable Modem: Traditional cable TV network

  26. Note: Communication in the traditional cable TV network is unidirectional.

  27. HFC network

  28. Note: Communication in an HFC cable TV network can be bidirectional.

  29. Coaxial cable bands

  30. Note: Downstream data are modulated using the 64-QAM modulation technique.

  31. Note: The theoretical downstream data rate is 30 Mbps.

  32. Note: Upstream data are modulated using the QPSK modulation technique.

  33. Note: The theoretical upstream data rate is 12 Mbps.

  34. Cable modem

  35. CMTS

  36. Note: SONET is a synchronous TDM system controlled by a master clock.

  37. A SONET

  38. Frame format

  39. Table 9.1 SONET rates

  40. Data rate

  41. STS multiplexing

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