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Understanding MySQL Clustering with NDB Cluster for High Availability

Join us for an insightful presentation by Solomon Chang on MySQL Clustering using NDB Cluster technology. Explore the aspects of high availability through a shared-nothing architecture, effective server requirements, and the various node types such as data nodes, management nodes, and API nodes. Learn about performance considerations, security setups, and the intricacies of cluster replication and backup restoration. This session will provide essential knowledge for anyone looking to implement or enhance MySQL clustering in their environments.

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Understanding MySQL Clustering with NDB Cluster for High Availability

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Welcome to the UUASC LA Chapter • TONIGHT • Solomon Chang • proudly presents: • MySQL Clustering

  2. NDB Cluster • High Availability* • Shared-Nothing Architecture • Redundancy

  3. Server Requirements • Any machine that can run MySQL

  4. Server Requirements • Any machine that can run MySQL • Non-Microsoft Operating System

  5. Server Requirements • Any machine that can run MySQL • Non-Microsoft Operating System • A buttload of RAM

  6. Types of Nodes • Data Nodes • ndbd • Management Nodes • ndb_mgmd • API Nodes • mysqld • ndb_mgm

  7. Bits and Pieces • Partition (AKA Fragment) • A portion of a table • Replica • A copy of a Partition • Node Group • A collection of individual data nodes

  8. Security of Nodes

  9. Security of Nodes • Authentication: None

  10. Security of Nodes • Authentication: None • Encryption: None

  11. Security of Nodes • Authentication: None • Encryption: None • Management and Data Nodes are very trusting as to who or what connects to them

  12. Transports • Gigabit Ethernet • Bare recommended minimum • SCI • Scalable Coherent Interconnect • Infiniband

  13. Performance • Primary Key are hashes

  14. Performance • Primary Key are hashes • Hashed values determine which rows are distributed to which data nodes

  15. Performance • Primary Key are hashes • Hashed values determine which rows are distributed to which data nodes • Pushdown

  16. Performance • Primary Key are hashes • Hashed values determine which rows are distributed to which data nodes • Pushdown • Spreading query work across multiple data nodes • set engine_condition_pushdown = 1

  17. Data Node Setup In /etc/my.cnf: [MYSQLD] ndbcluster ndb-connectstring=10.0.0.152 [MYSQL_CLUSTER] ndb-connectstring=10.0.0.152

  18. Management Node Setup • config.ini sections • [ndbd] • [ndb_mgmd] • [mysqld]

  19. Management Node Setup • config.ini sections • [ndbd] • [ndb_mgmd] • [mysqld] • Sections can be blank

  20. Management Node Setup • config.ini sections • [ndbd] • [ndb_mgmd] • [mysqld] • Sections can be blank • There can be multiple instances of a section

  21. SQL Node Setup Just like the Data Node Setup In /etc/my.cnf: [MYSQLD] ndbcluster ndb-connectstring=10.0.0.152 [MYSQL_CLUSTER] ndb-connectstring=10.0.0.152

  22. SQL Node Setup The Management Node already knows this is a SQL node from its config.ini file

  23. Enough Talking It's showtime

  24. Cluster Replication Cluster replication is exactly the same as regular MySQL replication, with the exception of the Binary Log Injection Thread.

  25. Backup and Restoration Why would a fault-tolerant, completely redundant system would ever need to have a backup for restoring data?

  26. Disk-Based NDB Cluster

  27. HA Caveat • SQL Nodes

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