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Boundless Lecture Slides

Boundless Lecture Slides. Available on the Boundless Teaching Platform. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com. Using Boundless Presentations. Boundless Teaching Platform

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Boundless Lecture Slides

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  1. Boundless Lecture Slides Available on the Boundless Teaching Platform Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  2. Using Boundless Presentations Boundless Teaching Platform Boundless empowers educators to engage their students with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books, or make switching to our platform easier by building from Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they need to assign readings and assessments, monitor student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made teaching resources. Get started now at: • The Appendix The appendix is for you to use to add depth and breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and drop slides from the appendix into the main presentation to make for a richer lecture experience. http://boundless.com/teaching-platform • Free to edit, share, and copy Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies of the Boundless presentations as you like. We encourage you to take these presentations and make them your own. If you have any questions or problems please email: educators@boundless.com Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  3. About Boundless • Boundless is an innovative technology company making education more affordable and accessible for students everywhere. The company creates the world’s best open educational content in 20+ subjects that align to more than 1,000 popular college textbooks. Boundless integrates learning technology into all its premium books to help students study more efficiently at a fraction of the cost of traditional textbooks. The company also empowers educators to engage their students more effectively through customizable books and intuitive teaching tools as part of the Boundless Teaching Platform. More than 2 million learners access Boundless free and premium content each month across the company’s wide distribution platforms, including its website, iOS apps, Kindle books, and iBooks. To get started learning or teaching with Boundless, visit boundless.com. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  4. Elections Campaigns and Elections The Modern Political Campaign Political Candidates Presidential Elections ] How Voters Decide Campaigns and Elections Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  5. Recent Elections Campaigns and Elections(continued) The Role of Money in Campaigns and Elections ] Campaigns and Elections Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  6. Campaigns and Elections > Elections Elections • Types of Elections • The Purpose of Elections • Types of Ballots • Winning an Election: Majority, Plurality, and Proportional Representation • Electoral Districts Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/political-science/textbooks/boundless-political-science-textbook/campaigns-and-elections-8/elections-60/

  7. Campaigns and Elections > The Modern Political Campaign The Modern Political Campaign • Assembling a Campaign Staff • The Modern Political Campaign • The Nomination Campaign • The General Election Campaign Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/political-science/textbooks/boundless-political-science-textbook/campaigns-and-elections-8/the-modern-political-campaign-61/

  8. Campaigns and Elections > Political Candidates Political Candidates • Eligibility • Nominating Candidates • Electing Candidates • Likeability of Political Candidates Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/political-science/textbooks/boundless-political-science-textbook/campaigns-and-elections-8/political-candidates-62/

  9. Campaigns and Elections > Presidential Elections Presidential Elections • Primaries and Caucuses • The National Convention • The General Election Campaign • The Electoral College • Presidential Candidates • Campaigning: Traditional Media, New Media, and Campaign Advertisements Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/political-science/textbooks/boundless-political-science-textbook/campaigns-and-elections-8/presidential-elections-63/

  10. Campaigns and Elections > How Voters Decide How Voters Decide • Party Identification • Issue Voting • The Candidates Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/political-science/textbooks/boundless-political-science-textbook/campaigns-and-elections-8/how-voters-decide-64/

  11. Campaigns and Elections > Recent Elections Recent Elections • The 2008 Presidential Election • The 2010 Elections • The 2012 Presidential Election Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/political-science/textbooks/boundless-political-science-textbook/campaigns-and-elections-8/recent-elections-65/

  12. Campaigns and Elections > The Role of Money in Campaigns and Elections The Role of Money in Campaigns and Elections • Regulating Campaign Finance • Sources of Campaign Funding • PACs and Campaigns • Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission • Campaign Finance Reform • The Federal Election Campaign Act • The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 • Campaign Financing Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/political-science/textbooks/boundless-political-science-textbook/campaigns-and-elections-8/the-role-of-money-in-campaigns-and-elections-66/

  13. Appendix Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  14. Campaigns and Elections Key terms • 527 organizationA 527 organization is a type of American tax-exempt organization named after "Section 527" of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Technically, almost all political committees, including state, local, and federal candidate committees, traditional political action committees, "Super PACs", and political parties are "527s. " • activistA person who is politically active in the role of a citizen; especially, one who campaigns for change • apportionmentThe act of apportioning or the state of being apportioned • ballotA paper or card used to cast a vote. • ballot boxA sealed box with a slit, into which a voter puts his completed voting slip. • Barack ObamaBarack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States. On November 6th, 2012, he was re-elected for a second term. • bipartisan campaign reform actThe Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 is a United States federal law amending the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 regulating the financing of political campaigns. • bundlersBundlers are people who can gather contributions from many individuals in an organization or community and present the sum to the campaign. Campaigns often recognize these bundlers with honorary titles and, in some cases, exclusive events featuring the candidate. • campaignAn organized effort to influence the decision making process within a specific group when seeking election to political office. • campaignAn organized effort to influence the decision making process within a specific group when seeking election to political office. • campaignAn organized effort to influence the decision making process within a specific group when seeking election to political office. • campaign advertisementsTelevision ads sponsored by political campaigns to reach broad audiences and convince the masses to vote for the sponsoring candidate. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  15. Campaigns and Elections • campaign messageThe ideas that the candidate wants to share with the voters, often consisting of several talking points about policy issues. • candidateA person who is running in an election or who is applying to a position for a job. • caucusA meeting, especially a preliminary meeting, of persons belonging to a party, to nominate candidates for public office, or to select delegates to a nominating convention, or to confer regarding measures of party policy; a political primary meeting. • citizens unitedIn 2010, the United States Supreme Court held in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission that laws prohibiting corporate and union political expenditures were unconstitutional. Citizens United made it legal for corporations and unions to finance independent expenditures with money from their general treasuries. It did not alter the prohibition on direct corporate or union contributions to federal campaigns—those are still prohibited. • Citizens United v. Federal Election CommissionCitizens United v. Federal Election Commission was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in 2010 in which the court held that the First Amendment prohibited the government from restricting independent political expenditures by corporations and unions. • closed primaryan election in which only party members are allowed to vote, and during which they choose their party's candidates for an upcoming general election • compulsory votingCompulsory voting is a system in which electors are obliged to vote in elections or attend a polling place on voting day. If an eligible voter does not attend a polling place, he or she may be subject to punitive measures, such as fines, community service, or perhaps imprisonment if fines are unpaid or community service not performed. • CongressThe two legislative bodies of the United States: the House of Representatives, and the Senate. • consultantA person whose occupation is to be consulted for their expertise, advice, or help in an area or specialty. Alternatively, a party whose business is to be similarly consulted. • delegateA person authorized to act as representative for another; in politics, a party representative allocated to nominate a party candidate. • demographicA demographic criterion: a characteristic used to classify people for statistical purposes, such as age, race, or gender. • electionA process of choosing a leader, members of parliament, councillors or other representatives by popular vote. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  16. Campaigns and Elections • electionA process of choosing a leader, members of parliament, councillors or other representatives by popular vote. • electionA process of choosing a leader, members of parliament, councillors or other representatives by popular vote. • electoral collegeA set of electors who are selected to elect a candidate to a particular office, allocated based on statewide votes. • electoral collegeA body of electors empowered to elect someone to a particular office • electoral collegeA body of electors empowered to elect someone to a particular office • electoral districtA district represented by one or more elected officials. • electoral systemThe detailed constitutional arrangements and voting laws that convert the vote into a political decision. • electorateThe collective people of a country, state, or electoral district who are entitled to vote. • eligibility requirementStatutory restrictions on who is entitled to hold a given public office. • federal election campaign actThe Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 is a United States federal law which increased disclosure of contributions for federal campaigns. It was amended in 1974 to place legal limits on the campaign contributions. • federal election campaign actThe Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 is a United States federal law which increased disclosure of contributions for federal campaigns. It was amended in 1974 to place legal limits on the campaign contributions. • federal election commissionThe Federal Election Commission (FEC) is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in 1975 by the United States Congress to regulate the campaign finance legislation in the United States. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  17. Campaigns and Elections • federal election commissionThe Federal Election Commission (FEC) is an independent regulatory agency that was founded in 1975 by the United States Congress to regulate the campaign finance legislation in the United States. • general electionAn election, usually held at regular intervals, in which candidates are elected in all or most constituencies or electoral districts of a nation. • general electionAn election, usually held at regular intervals, in which candidates are elected in all or most constituencies or electoral districts of a nation. • general election campaignan organized effort which seeks to influence who is voted into the office of presidency and other federal and state legislative offices • general electionsIn the United States, these regulation elections of candidates occur every four years and include the presidential election. • gerrymanderingThe practice of redrawing electoral districts to gain an electoral advantage for a political party. • grassroots fundraisingGrassroots fundraising is a method of fundraising used by or for political candidates, which has grown in popularity with the emergence of the Internet and its use by US presidential candidates like Howard Dean and Ron Paul. • house of representativesThe name of the lower house in the bicameral legislatures of several countries, also used of some singular legislative bodies in unicameral systems. • incumbentBeing the current holder of an office or a title. • indirect electiona process in which voters in an election do not actually choose between candidates for an office but rather elect persons who will then make the choice. • issue votingThe type of voting that occurs when voters cast their vote based on political issues. • likeabilityThe property that makes a person likeable, that allows them to be liked. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  18. Campaigns and Elections • lobby groupsThe act of attempting to persuade a group of people that influence decisions made by officials in the government, most often legislators or members of regulatory agencies. • lobbyingLobbying (also lobby) is the act of attempting to influence decisions made by officials in the government, most often legislators or members of regulatory agencies. • majority ruleA decision rule whereby the decisions of the numerical majority of a group will bind on the whole group. • mcconnell v. federal election commissionIn McConnell v. Federal Election Commission, the United States Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of most of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (BCRA). • midterm electiona type of staggered election where the members take office at the middle of the term of another set of members, or of the executive • Mitt RomneyWillard Mitt Romney (born March 12, 1947) is an American businessman and was the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 election. From 2003 to 2007, he served as the 70th Governor of Massachusetts. • national conventiona political convention held in the United States every four years by political parties fielding candidates in the upcoming presidential election. • natural born citizenAny person who is entitled to American citizenship by birth. • nominating conventionA meeting of the major figures in a political party to outline a party platform, set party rules, select a nominee for president as well as rally supporters. • PACA political action committee, which is any organization in the United States that campaigns for or against political candidates, ballot initiatives, or legislation. • partisanAn adherent to a party or faction. • partisanAn adherent to a party or faction. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  19. Campaigns and Elections • party identificationParty identification refers to the political party with which an individual identifies. Party identification is typically determined by the political party that an individual most commonly supports (by voting or other means). • party platformA statement of principles and purpose issued by a political party. • party votingThe type of voting that describes when voters cast their vote based on their self-identification with a particular political party. • planksPlanks refer to the goals and proposals in the platform of a political party. • pluralityA number of votes for a single candidate or position which is greater than the number of votes gained by any other single candidate or position voted for, but which is less than a majority of valid votes cast. • political action committeeA political action committee (PAC) is any organization in the United States that campaigns for or against political candidates, ballot initiatives, or legislation. • political action committeeA political action committee (PAC) is any organization in the United States that campaigns for or against political candidates, ballot initiatives, or legislation. • political action committeeA political action committee (PAC) is any organization in the United States that campaigns for or against political candidates, ballot initiatives, or legislation. • political campaignIt is an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making process within a specific group. • political financePolitical finance covers all funds that are raised and spent for political purposes. Such purposes include all political contests for voting by citizens, especially the election campaigns for various public offices that are run by parties and candidates. • political partyA political organization that subscribes to a certain ideology and seeks to attain political power through representation in government. • pollsterA professional whose primary job is conducting pre-election polls. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  20. Campaigns and Elections • primary electionA preliminary election to select a political candidate of a political party. • primary electionA preliminary election to select a political candidate of a political party. • primary electionA preliminary election to select a political candidate of a political party. • primary seasonThe first stage of a presidential election, in which candidates from each party compete against members from their own party for the party's nomination. • public fundingAt the federal level, public funding is limited to subsidies for presidential campaigns. This includes (1) a "matching" program for the first $250 of each individual contribution during the primary campaign, (2) financing the major parties' national nominating conventions, and (3) funding the major party nominees' general election campaigns. • quadrennialHappening every four years. • referendumA direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment. • referendumA direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment. • secret ballotThe voting system involving ballots available only at official polling places, prepared at public expense, containing the names of all candidates, and marked in secret at the polling places. • senateThe United States Senate, "the Senate". • social mediaInteractive forms of media that allow users to interact with and publish to each other, generally by means of the Internet. • soft moneySoft money refers to "non-federal money" that corporations, unions and individuals contribute to political parties to influence state or local elections. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  21. Campaigns and Elections • suffrageThe right or chance to vote, express an opinion, or participate in a decision. • super pacsSuper PACs, officially known as "independent-expenditure only committees," may not make contributions to candidate campaigns or parties, but may engage in unlimited political spending independently of the campaigns. Also unlike traditional PACs, they can raise funds from corporations, unions and other groups, and individuals—without legal limits. • super pacsPolitical action committees, which make no contributions to candidates or parties, and so can accept unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions. • swing stateA state which may vote Democratic or Republican, in a given election or generally; a purple state. • swing statesStates in which no single candidate or party has overwhelming support in securing the state's electoral college votes • Twentieth AmendmentThis amendment establishes the beginning and ending of the terms of the elected federal offices. • vice presidentA deputy to a president, often empowered to assume the position of president on his death or absence • voting systemsA voting system is a method by which voters make a choice between options, often in an election or on a policy referendum. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  22. Campaigns and Elections Voting Booth Issue voting has affected the decisions Americans make at the voting booth. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."University at Buffalo voting booth."Public domainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:University_at_Buffalo_voting_booth.jpgView on Boundless.com

  23. Campaigns and Elections Electoral College Electoral college map for the 2012, 2016 and 2020 United States presidential elections, using apportionment data released by the US Census Bureau. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."ElectoralCollege2012."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElectoralCollege2012.svgView on Boundless.com

  24. Campaigns and Elections Russ Feingold Senator Russ Feingold from Wisconsin. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Russ Feingold Official Portrait 3."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Russ_Feingold_Official_Portrait_3.jpgView on Boundless.com

  25. Campaigns and Elections President Theodore Roosevelt President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt, who asserted the need for campaign finance reform and called for legislation to ban corporate contributions for political purposes. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia.Public domainhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/President_Theodore_Roosevelt,_1904.jpgView on Boundless.com

  26. Campaigns and Elections German federal election, 2005 Seats won by each party in the 2005 German federal election, an example of a proportional voting system. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."German federal election, 2005 - Final."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:German_federal_election,_2005_-_Final.pngView on Boundless.com

  27. Campaigns and Elections Justice John Paul Stevens John Paul Stevens wrote a dissenting opinion, arguing that the Court's ruling "threatens to undermine the integrity of elected institutions across the Nation. " Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."John Paul Stevens, SCOTUS photo portrait."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_Paul_Stevens,_SCOTUS_photo_portrait.jpgView on Boundless.com

  28. Campaigns and Elections Obama Taking Oath of Office After winning the 2008 presidential election, Barack Obama was sworn into office on January 20, 2009. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Barack Obama - ITN."Public domainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Barack_Obama_-_ITN.jpgView on Boundless.com

  29. Campaigns and Elections Tea Party Gathering The Tea Party movement's ability to mobilize voters in favor of the Republican Party was one of the factors that contributed to many Republican victories during the 2010 elections. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Albuquerque Tea Party."CC BYhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Albuquerque_Tea_Party.jpgView on Boundless.com

  30. Campaigns and Elections Mitch McConnell Official portrait of United States Senator Mitch McConnell (R-KY) Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Mitch McConnell official portrait 112th Congress."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mitch_McConnell_official_portrait_112th_Congress.jpgView on Boundless.com

  31. Campaigns and Elections Justice Anthony Kennedy Anthony Kennedy's majority opinion found that the BCRA prohibition of all independent expenditures by corporations and unions violated the First Amendment's protection of free speech. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Anthony Kennedy official SCOTUS portrait crop."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Kennedy_official_SCOTUS_portrait_crop.jpgView on Boundless.com

  32. Campaigns and Elections Electoral College (2008) In the presidential general election, the winner is determined based on who receives the greatest number of votes in the Electoral College system. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."File:ElectoralCollege2008.svg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:ElectoralCollege2008.svg&page=1View on Boundless.com

  33. Campaigns and Elections Gerrymandering in Illinois Another example of Illinois gerrymandering is the 17th congressional district in the western portion of the state. Notice how the major urban centers are anchored and how Decatur is nearly isolated from the primary district. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."IL17 109."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IL17_109.gifView on Boundless.com

  34. Campaigns and Elections Montenegro Referendum In 2006, a referendum in the Republic of Montenegro took place. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Montenegro referendum."Public domainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Montenegro_referendum.pngView on Boundless.com

  35. Campaigns and Elections Gerrymandering in Ohio An example of "cracking" style of gerrymandering. The urban (and mostly liberal) concentration of Columbus, Ohio, located at the center of the map in Franklin County, is split into thirds, with each segment attached to—and outnumbered by—largely conservative suburbs. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Gerrymandering."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GerrymanderingView on Boundless.com

  36. Campaigns and Elections Washington State Caucus Caucuses occur in small settings and often include lively debate by party members. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."United States presidential primary."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_primaryView on Boundless.com

  37. Campaigns and Elections Democratic National Convention (1876) An image from a newspaper article about the 1876 Democratic National Convention in St. Louis, MO. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."1876 Democratic National Convention - Missouri."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1876_Democratic_National_Convention_-_Missouri.jpgView on Boundless.com

  38. Campaigns and Elections Democratic Party, 2008 An image of future President Barack Obama and Vice-President Joe Biden after they were officially nominated for the Democratic ticket at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Obama Biden nomination DNC 2008."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Obama_Biden_nomination_DNC_2008.jpgView on Boundless.com

  39. Campaigns and Elections Voter Opinion Poll Polling agencies conduct surveys of potential voters during election seasons to measure how the electorate ranks the traits of candidates. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Opinion poll."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opinion_pollView on Boundless.com

  40. Campaigns and Elections Campaign Attention to Swing States (2004) These maps show the amount of attention the Bush and Kerry campaigns (considered together) gave to each state during the final five weeks of the 2004 election: At the top, each waving hand represents a visit from a presidential or vice-presidential candidate during the final five weeks of the election. (Candidates' visits to their own home states are not counted. ) At the bottom, each dollar sign represents one million dollars spent on TV advertising by the campaigns during the same time period. This shows the influence of the Electoral College on the prominence of swing states, those with small populations but large Electoral College votes. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."2004CampaignAttention (edit)."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2004CampaignAttention_(edit).pngView on Boundless.com

  41. Campaigns and Elections Presidential Elections in Poland Presidential Election 2005 in Poland (second round of voting, Oct.23rd). Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."WyboryPrezydenckie2005-2.tura."Public domainhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WyboryPrezydenckie2005-2.tura.jpgView on Boundless.com

  42. Campaigns and Elections Federal Elections Commission Seal of the United States Federal Election Commission. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."File:US-FederalElectionCommission.svg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:US-FederalElectionCommission.svg&page=1View on Boundless.com

  43. Campaigns and Elections Nixon Meets Crowds at Robins Air Force Base in Georgia President Nixon "works the crowd" at Robins Air Force Base, Georgia in the initial stages of his campaign. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Richard Nixon."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon%231972_presidential_campaignView on Boundless.com

  44. Campaigns and Elections Universal Suffrage Suffrage universel dédié à Ledru-Rollin, painted by Frédéric Sorrieu in 1850. This lithography pays tribute to French statesman Alexandre Auguste Ledru-Rollin for establishing universal male suffrage in France in 1848, following the French Revolution of 1848. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Suffrage universel 1848."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Suffrage_universel_1848.jpgView on Boundless.com

  45. Campaigns and Elections Haitians voting in the 2006 elections. Clear sided ballot boxes used in the Haitian general election in 2006. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Haitians voting in the 2006 elections."CC BYhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Haitians_voting_in_the_2006_elections.jpegView on Boundless.com

  46. Campaigns and Elections The Polling (Painting) The Polling by William Hogarth (1755). Before the secret ballot was introduced, voter intimidation was commonplace. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."William Hogarth 031."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_031.jpgView on Boundless.com

  47. Campaigns and Elections Graph of Voter Turnout in U.S. Presidential Elections, 1824-Present Between 1824 and 1840, voter turnout when from about 26% to 80%. This extremely sharp rise was caused by the removal of property qualifications from the right to vote. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Voter turnout."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Voter_turnout.pngView on Boundless.com

  48. Campaigns and Elections Electoral College (2008) In the presidential general election, the winner is determined based on who receives the greatest number of votes in the Electoral College system. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."File:ElectoralCollege2008.svg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:ElectoralCollege2008.svg&page=1View on Boundless.com

  49. Campaigns and Elections President Obama Tweeting This image shows President Obama answering tweets, demonstrating his proficiency with social media and appealing to younger voters. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."20120524 POTUS Tweeting cropped."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20120524_POTUS_Tweeting_cropped.jpgView on Boundless.com

  50. Campaigns and Elections Mitt Romney Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts was the Republican candidate for the 2012 presidential election. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Mitt Romney 2011."CC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mitt_Romney_2011.jpgView on Boundless.com

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