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Developed over 40 years ago Major problems with attenuation, noise 10-30 dB/km on LV lines 100 dB/km on MV, HV lines Transformers even worse Massive amounts of noise, both online and emitted. X10 uses ASK, 20 bps Modern systems use OFDM
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Developed over 40 years ago Major problems with attenuation, noise 10-30 dB/km on LV lines 100 dB/km on MV, HV lines Transformers even worse Massive amounts of noise, both online and emitted X10 uses ASK, 20 bps Modern systems use OFDM HPAV capable of 200 Mbps gross, 150 Mbps net; 500 Mbps and 1 Gbps expected Turbo convolutional FEC MIMO (both “hot” and “neutral”) Power Line Comm Primer
Apps in line metering, Smart Grid control, HANs Other high-speed standards: HomePNA MoCA UPA (Spanish) G.hn (ITU standard) IEEE P1905 (interoper-ability between Wi-Fi, Ethernet, MoCA) Many NB (low speed) standards IEC 61334 IEEE 1901.2 HomePlug Green PHY G3 PRIME G.hnem Common approaches: OFDM, 8PSK, DQPSK, RS FEC, CRC PLC Primer, p. 2