Defining a Framework

1. Defining a Framework

2. Complex Emergencies Stability Stability Human Insecurity Human Insecurity Transition Crisis No peace – No war Settlement Conflict Conflict Political activities to prevent / /mitigate/ stop the conflicts Humanitarian activities to prevent/mitigate the consequences of armed conflicts

3. Maintaining Health – Stopping/preventing Human Right Violations Education Assessing violations of IHL Early Warning Providing health services Adapting National Law Supporting social services Dissemination IHL Providing economic support Looking for the missing Tracing family members Protection of the POW Caring for the wounded Humanitarian Diplomacy Advocacy Stable situation Crisis Armed Conflict Transition Stable situation

4. Political Activities Early Warning Coercitive diplomaty Peacekeeping operations Organizing the Police Embargo on weapons Human Right Promotion Economic embargo Education Peace enforcement with military means Demobilization of soldiers Organization and monitoring of elections Preventive diplomacy Stable situation Crisis Armed Conflict Transition Stable situation

5. In reality … Conduct of Hostilities Coercitive diplomaty Peacekeeping operations Organizing the Police Embargo on weapons Human Right Promotion Economic embargo Democratization Peace enforcement with military means Conflict Prevention Organization and monitoring of elections Preventive diplomacy Conflict resolution Education Assessing violations of IHL Early Warning Providing health services Adapting National Law Supporting social services Dissemination IHL Providing economic support Looking for the missing Tracing family members Protection of the POW Caring for the wounded Humanitarian Diplomacy Advocacy

6. Complexity and Stakeholders Political actors and Humanitarian actors PPR - 2000 PPR - 2000

7. Actors an Crisis Management Political Actors Political Activities Humanitarian Actors Humanitarian Activities Stable situation Crisis Armed Conflict Transition Stable situation PPR - 2000

8. Political Actors Political Actors Belligerants Armed forces / groups UN: Security Council PK forces States ………. Stable situation Crisis Armed Conflict Transition Stable situation PPR - 2000

9. Humanitarian Actors Humanitarian Actors NGOs ICRC National RC/RC societies IOM UNHCR WHO ……… Stable situation Crisis Armed Conflict Transition Stable situation PPR - 2000

10. Political and Humanitarian Actors Belligerants Armed forces / groups UN: Security Council PK forces States ………. Stable situation Crisis Armed Conflict Transition Stable situation NGOs ICRC National RC/RC societies IOM UNHCR WHO ……… PPR - 2000

11. NGOs in Afghanistan Afghanistan:  A Call for Security June 17, 2003 We the undersigned humanitarian, human rights, civil society and conflict prevention organizations call on the international community to accord NATO a robust stabilization mandate in Afghanistan.  This mandate should include the expansion of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) to key locations and major transport routes outside of Kabul and the active support for a comprehensive program of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of all militia forces outside the control of the central government.  Current efforts to train representative, professional Afghan national security forces must be accelerated. PPR - 2000

12. NATO and Humanitarian Action in the Kosovo Crisis The world’s response to the Kosovo crisis dramatizes the increased role of international military forces in humanitarian action. Some people view this development positively as the harnessing of the military for humanitarian tasks; others are alarmed at the perceived militarization of humanitarian action  SourceLarry Minear, Ted van Baarda, and Marc Sommers - Publication Date 2000 PPR - 2000

13. Who are the Actors Political Humanitarian Belligerants States UN General Assembly UN Security Council Private companies USAID ECHO Medias Human rights organisations National Societies of RC/RC UNHCR UNICEF WHO NGOs ICRC PPR - 2000

14. Political Humanitarian Belligerants States UN General Assembly UN Security Council PK Forces, NATO Private companies USAID ECHO Medias Human rights organisations National Societies of RC/RC UNHCR UNICEF WHO NGOs ICRC Coercitive diplomaty Conduct of Hostilities Organizing the Police Peacekeeping operations Human Right Promotion Embargo on weapons Maintain Protect Human Security Democratization Economic embargo Conflict Prevention Peace enforcement with military means Organization and monitoring of elections Preventive diplomacy Conflict resolution Education Assessing violations of IHL Early Warning Providing health services Adapting National Law Supporting social services Dissemination IHL Providing economic support Looking for the missing Tracing family members Protection of the POW Demobilization of soldiers Humanitarian Diplomacy Advocacy

15. Political Humanitarian Belligerants States UN General Assembly UN Security Council PK Forces, NATO Private companies USAID ECHO Medias Human rights organisations National Societies of RC/RC UNHCR UNICEF WHO NGOs ICRC Coercitive diplomaty Conduct of Hostilities Organizing the Police Peacekeeping operations Human Right Promotion Embargo on weapons Maintain Protect Human Security Democratization Economic embargo Conflict Prevention Peace enforcement with military means Organization and monitoring of elections Preventive diplomacy Conflict resolution Education Assessing violations of IHL Early Warning Providing health services Adapting National Law Supporting social services Dissemination IHL Providing economic support Looking for the missing Tracing family members Protection of the POW Demobilization of soldiers Humanitarian Diplomacy Advocacy Normative Framework: Values, Law, Principles, Policies, Guidelines Time frame: Stability Crisis Armed Conflict Transition Stability

16. Belligerants Conduct of hostilities Coercitive diplomaty Peacekeeping operations Organizing the Police UN: Security Council Embargo on weapons Conflict resolution PK forces, NATO Economic embargo Democratization States Peace enforcement with military means Demobilization of soldiers ………. Organization and monitoring of elections Preventive diplomacy Providing health services Providing food support NGOs Providing economic support ICRC Preventing HR violations Providing shelter National RC/RC societies Monitoring HR Providing water IOM Assessing conduct of hostilities Immunization UNHCR Dissemination IHL Promoting HR Law WHO Psychosocial support Dealing with sexual violences Humanitarian Diplomacy ……… Human Security of Affected Population Public Health Response to CE

17. Identification - Interaction Belligerants Conduct of hostilities Coercitive diplomaty UN: Security Council Embargo on weapons Conflict resolution PK forces, NATO States Peace enforcement with military means ………. Organization and monitoring of elections Providing health services Preventing HR violations ICRC Assessing conduct of hostilities Providing economic support National RC/RC societies Dealing with sexual violences Providing water UNHCR Humanitarian Diplomacy WHO Psychosocial support ………

18. Conduct of hostilities Coercitive diplomaty Peacekeeping operations Organizing the Police Embargo on weapons Conflict resolution Economic embargo Democratization Peace enforcement with military means Demobilization of soldiers Organization and monitoring of elections Preventive diplomacy Normative Framework: Values, Law, Principles, Policies, Guidelines Influence on Political Actors Influence on Political Activities Human Security of Affected Population Influence of Actors in Health Public Health Respect of Human Rights Time frame: Stability Crisis Armed Conflict Transition Stability

19. The complexity of Interactions in Interventions Political Humanitarian Belligerants States UN General Assembly UN Security Council PK Forces, NATO Private companies USAID ECHO Medias Human rights organisations National Societies of RC/RC UNHCR UNICEF WHO NGOs ICRC Conduct of Hostilities Coercitive diplomaty Peacekeeping operations Organizing the Police Embargo on weapons Human Right Promotion NATO Economic Embargo Economic embargo Democratization Peace enforcement with military means Conflict Prevention Organization and monitoring of elections Preventive diplomacy …… Conflict resolution …… …… Education Assessing violations of IHL Early Warning Providing health services Adapting National Law Supporting social services Economic Support Dissemination IHL Providing economic support Looking for the missing Tracing family members Protection of the POW Demobilization of soldiers NGOs Humanitarian Diplomacy Advocacy PPR - 2000

20. Theoretical Framework for Crisis Management Early Warning Coercitive diplomaty Belligerants Peacekeeping operations Organizing the Police Armed forces / groups Embargo on weapons Disarmament UN: Security Council Economic embargo Conduct of Hostilities PK forces Peace enforcement with military means Demobilization of soldiers States Affected People Organization and monitoring of elections Preventive diplomacy ………. Stable situation Crisis Armed Conflict Transition Stable situation NGOs Preventing displacement Assessing violations of IHL ICRC Early Warning Providing health assistance National RC/RC societies Preventing torture Supporting social services IOM Dissemination IHL Providing economic support UNHCR Looking for the missing Tracing family members WHO Protection of the POW Demobilization of soldiers ……… Humanitarian Diplomacy Advocacy PPR - 2000