Establishing Jamestown Colony: Challenges and Triumphs in Early America

1. The Roanoke Disaster • Sir _________________ attempted to start a colony at Roanoke on the Outer Banks of North Carolina • 1585 – Starving settlers __________the first colony and returned to England • _____ years later a second colony was started in the same location Sir Walter Raleigh

2. 1590 – a supply expedition from England found only the ___________ buildings from the settlementTo this day, what happened to the settlers in __________ – it is thought that they either joined the _________or were defeated and killed by them

3. Establishing a Colony • A colony was a ____________ and was run like one • To establish a colony, the businessmen first needed a __________ – certificate of permission from the King • They took the charter and formed a _______________ – a company funded and run by a group of investors who share the company’s profits and losses

4. Jamestown • The Virginia Company was formed in _____ with the goal of establishing a colony in _______________________ • The colony was established in 1607 with about ______ settlers • The colony was named in Jamestown in honor of ______________

5. Near Failure of Jamestown The colony nearly failed for several reasons: • The settlers were not used to doing the ___ _______ required to start a colony – many came to get rich quick and spent their time looking for gold instead of doing the daily tasks for survival • The site was in swampland full of disease bearing _____________ • Leadership was _________ – settlers spent time squabbling rather than worrying about their survival

6. Taking control of Jamestown • In 1607, _________ took power over the colony and forced the colonists to farm • He persuaded the nearby __________ people to provide food, saving the colony John Smith

7. The fear of the Powhatan people • the Powhatan people became alarmed when about ______ new settlers arrived in 1609 • In response, they began killing the colonists’ _____________ and destroying their _____________ • Food became scarce again – of the 600 new colonists, only about 60 survived

8. Virginia becomes a royal colony • Because it was not profitable, the Virginia Company lost the __________ to Virginia in 1624 • Virginia became a ___________ which had a governor appointed by the King • In 1619, Virginia had a legislature known as the _______________ – this is one of the first instances of limited self-government for the new colonies

9. Growing Tobacco • _________ saved the early Virginia colony from failure • Tobacco is indigenous to _____ ______ and was shipped back to England in 1614 where it quickly became popular • The crop led to the __________ of Virginia

10. Tobacco Workers • To produce large amounts of tobacco, planters needed laborers. There were 3 main types of laborers: • _____________ – Each person who came to the colony from England got 50 acres of land (the headright system). • ________ – Settlers from England who wanted to come to the colonies but could not pay for the voyage. Usually owed 7 years of work in exchange for passage, food, and shelter. • _____________ – Arrived in small numbers at first. Usually were not freed after 7 years.

11. Wealthy planters vs. all other settlers • The English’s harsh treatment of the _______ _______________ stemmed from their dealings with the Irish at home • Despite this tradition, the King’s governor refused to raise an ______ to protect the settlers from the Native Americans • 1676, __________ raised a private army to fight the Indians • When the governor tried to stop him, Bacon attacked Jamestown and ______ it to the ground • The rebellion ended when Bacon _______ of disease

12. Impact of Bacon’s Rebellion • It proved that the _____________ were frustrated that the government was concerned only with the interests of wealthy planters • The _______ colonists would not tolerate such a government.