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Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Fungi. Sections 18-2 and 23-2. A Recipe for Mushrooms. Ingredients: Substrate (compost): hay horse droppings (urine,) corn cobs poultry droppings Spawn: mostly the mycelium of a mushroom. A Recipe for Mushrooms. Directions: Prepare the substrate: mix ingredients, sterilize

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Kingdom Fungi

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  1. Kingdom Fungi Sections 18-2 and 23-2

  2. A Recipe for Mushrooms • Ingredients: • Substrate (compost): • hay • horse droppings (urine,) • corn cobs • poultry droppings • Spawn: • mostly the mycelium of a mushroom

  3. A Recipe for Mushrooms • Directions: • Prepare the substrate: mix ingredients, sterilize • Combine spawn to substrate, mix • Wait then harvest mushrooms

  4. Draw a mushroom • Cap • Stalk • Hyphae: root-like fibers • Mycelium: a group of hyphae • Spores: inside gills

  5. Examine a Mushroom • Cap • Stalk • Gills • Ring • Basidia • Spores

  6. Cap Stalk Ring? Gills Basidia: inside gills, small Spores: attached to basidia

  7. Nutrition • Extracellular digestion Digestive enzymes are secreted into the substrate, digested food is absorbed into the mycelium.

  8. Reproduction • Haploid spores are produced • The life cycle of a mushroom

  9. The basidia are located in the gills. • The stipe is the stalk. • Haploid to diploid (n to 2n) • The germinating basidospore produces the the (hyphae?) or mycelium. • In the mycelium by fusion. • Basideospores are produced by meiosis. • Basideospres are dispersed by wind!

  10. Yeast Mushrooms Morels Truffles Penicillin- medicine Beneficial Fungi food

  11. Rusts Rhizopus Black bread mold Puffballs Toadballs Toadstool Ringworm Tomato blight Cucumber scab Athlete's foot Non-beneficial Fungi

  12. Common mold Black Bread mold Produce sporangia Phylum: Zygomycota

  13. mushrooms Phylum: Basideomycota

  14. Imperfect fungi Ring worm Athlete's foot etc. Phylum: Deutromycotes

  15. Yeast truffles morels sac fungi Phylum: Asocomycota

  16. Phylum: Imperfect Fungi

  17. References http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/488/499991/CDA29_1/CDA29_1a/CDA29_1a.htmExcellent bisideomycetes life cycle

  18. Lichens • Green scale-like patches on rock and trees • Symbiotic partnership • fungus (water, minerals) • cyanobacteria (photosynthesis) • soil builders • Survive in harsh environments

  19. LICHENS- A primary producer

  20. LICHEN • Lichen is a combination of two separate organisms - fungus and cyanobacteria • The fungus provides a structure that may protect the alga from drying and harsh conditions • The algae provides the food supply using photosynthesis

  21. Lichens are also dye sources, and is used as a food-coloring agent and to form litmus, the acid-base indicator. • In arctic and alpine regions such lichens as reindeer moss serve as food for caribou, reindeer and other mammals.

  22. Answer Key • 1.Lichen is a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism. • 2.Because both partners benefit this is an example of mutualism. • 3.Fungi can reproduce both __sexuallyandasexually • 4.The members of kingdom fungi are heterotrophic/heterotrophic they use other organisms for food. • 5.The filaments that make up a fungus are called hypha. • 6.Together these filaments are called the mycelium. • 7.If the filament is an unspecialized root it is called a rhizoid. • 8.The different phyla of fungi are separated based on their fruiting body, or spore-producing structure. • 9.In bread mold, a sporangia is a structure that produces spores. • 10.The fungus yeast is an exception, but most other fungi are multicellular, unlike the members of kingdom Protista. • 11.In fungi, internal membranes, for example, a nuclear envelope, are present, making them eukaryotic, unlike the bacteria. • 12.If an organism uses dead organisms as a food supply as many fungi do, it is called a saprophyte. • 13.Athlete’s foot is a fungus that uses a living organism as a food supply. It is a parasite. • 14.The outermost structure of a fungal cell, the cell wall, is different than plants. It contains a polysaccharide called chitin.. • 15.Fungi are important decomposers in the environment. Using extra cellular they breakdown dead organisms and release their nutrients into the environment. • 16.After this process the fungi use absorption to obtain these nutrients. • 17.A spore does not contain a double set of chromosomes. It is a haploid cell. • 18.A single spore lands on a piece of bread and produces a sporangium and new spores. This is an example of asexual reproduction

  23. 1 c 2 d 3 a 4 f 5 g 6 e 7 g 8 b 9 e 10 f 11 heterotropic eukaryotics 12 chitin 13 hypha 14 mycellium 15 spore 16 basdeomycota 17 EC 18 EC deuteromycetes 19 sexually and asexually 20 asexual Fungus Xerox 18-2

  24. Fungi Xerox 18-2 (cont.) • 21 • 22 • 23

  25. FUNGI BOTH PLANTS

  26. 1 b 2 h 3 d. 4 i 5 f 6 b/h 7 g 8 e 9 f E.C. 10 c 11 i E.C. 12 a 13 Heterotrophs 14 outside 15 Hypha 16 Mycelium 17 Perforated 18 Asexually 19 Fruiting Body 20 Deueromycetes Fungi – 23-2

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