小标点，大问题

2. 小标点，大问题 Punctuation 淄博实验中学郝爱保

3. 句号（Full Stop ) • 用在一句的末尾表示一句话完全结束。 • Let’s go to the movies. • 用于某些缩略语、小数点之后。 Prof. John, Mr. Mrs. • 表示序列的字母或数字之后。 No. 5 How

4. 逗号 (comma) 1.用来分割并列成分，相当于汉语中的顿号作用。 We’re tired, thirsty and hungry. 2.在并列连词（and, but, for, nor, or, yet ）前使用, 用于分割并列句中的分句。 We must hurry up, otherwise, we will miss the bus. 3.用于分割句首状语、插入语等。 Frankly, that’s all the money I have.

5. 逗号 (comma) 4.用于分割非限定性定语从句、同位语、或附加说明成分。 He wants us, you and me, to go to his place tomorrow. My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 5. 用于分割日期、数字、地点、人名 与职衔、（信件）呼语等。 Dear Tom, How are you doing? I left on July 20, 2008, for a trip around the world… …

6. 冒号（Colon） • 用于对后面内容的介绍或解释。 • This is her plan: go shopping. • 用于一个正式的引用之前。 The professor said: “It was horrible.” • 用于数字时间的表示。 4:45 p.m. • 用于主标题和副标题之间。 • Web Directory: World Economic Data

7. 分号（Semicolon） • 用于并列分句之间。 Your bike is new; mine is old. • 分隔已经有逗号分割的成分，以免导致歧义。 Follow this procedure: first, get your application forms; next, fill them out; last, pay the charge. • 用于由for example, for instance, namely, that is (to say), in fact, i.e.,等词语引导的句子之前。 His sister is a busy girl; in fact, she works harder than he does.

8. 标点在写作中的使用 易错点----写作时经常书写两个或连续几个形式独立但语义相关的句子，即“逗号拼接句” (comma splice sentence) 或“连缀句”(run-on sentence)。 他年纪小，不能参军入伍。 ① 使用“逗号拼接” He isn’t old enough,he cannot join the army. ② 出现“残缺句” He cannot join the army.Because he isn’t old enough. ③ 存在“句际无任何标点符号衔接的迷乱句” He isn’t old enough he cannot join the army.

9. 如何改正 方法一：使用两个独立句子，各自使用句号结尾。两句的内在逻辑语义关系由读者自己去斟酌。 He isn’t old enough. He cannot join the army. He cannot join the army. He isn’t old enough. 方法二：使用分号连接两个小句，全句以句号结束。 He isn’t old enough;he cannot join the army. He cannot join the army;he isn’t old enough.

10. 方法三：使用并列连词和逗号或是从属连词和 逗号来连接两个小句，从而构成一个并列句或复合句，整句以句号结尾。 He isn’t old enough,so he cannot join the army. Because he isn’t old enough,he cannot join the army. 方法四：使用词汇和句法变换的手段，以单句形式出现，句末标点符号为句号。 He isn’t old enough to join the army. He is so young that he cannot join the army. He is too young to join the army.

11. 请把下面这封信加上不同的标点，使其具有两种不同意义的内容：请把下面这封信加上不同的标点，使其具有两种不同意义的内容： Dear John I want a man who knows what love is all about you are generous kind and thoughtful people who are not like you admit to being useless and inferior you have ruined me for other men I yearn for you I have no feelings whatsoever when we are apart I can be forever happy will you let me be yours Mary

12. 请把下面这封信加上不同的标点，使其具有两种不同意义的内容：请把下面这封信加上不同的标点，使其具有两种不同意义的内容： Dear John, I want a man who knows what love is all about.You are generous, kind,and thoughtful.People who are not like you admit to being useless and inferior.You have ruined me for other men. I yearn for you.I have no feelings whatsoever when we are apart. I can be forever happy —— will you let me be yours? Mary

13. 请把下面这封信加上不同的标点，使其具有两种不同意义的内容：请把下面这封信加上不同的标点，使其具有两种不同意义的内容： Dear John, I want a man who knows what love is. All about you are generous,kind, and thoughtful people,who are not like you. Admit to being useless and inferior. You have ruined me. For other men,I yearn. For you,I have no feelings whatsoever.When we are apart, I can be forever happy.Will you let me be? Yours, Mary

14. Good-bye!