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Understanding Volcanoes: Key Vocabulary and Characteristics

Explore the essential terms and concepts related to volcanoes in this comprehensive guide. From defining volcanoes, viscosity, and pyroclastic materials to understanding volcanic eruptions, magma composition, and types of volcanic structures, this resource provides a thorough overview. Learn about explosive versus effusive eruptions, the three stages of volcanoes, and the unique properties of supervolcanoes like Yellowstone. This guide will enhance your understanding of geological processes and the natural phenomenon of volcanism.

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Understanding Volcanoes: Key Vocabulary and Characteristics

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  1. By: Yudai Koyama And Moonsu Kim Jeopardy!Volcanoes

  2. 100-Vocabulary Define volcano.

  3. ANSWER 100-Vocabulary A vent from which the material from a magma chamber escapes.

  4. 200-Vocabulary Define viscosity. Viscosity!

  5. ANSWER 200-Vocabulary A liquids resistance to flow

  6. 300-Vocabulary Define pyroclastic material.

  7. ANSWER 300-Vocabulary The combination of all materials ejected during a volcanic eruption.

  8. 400-Vocabulary Define caldera.

  9. ANSWER 400-Vocabulary Alarge volcanic crater, typically one formed by a major eruption leading to the collapse of the mouth of the volcano.

  10. 500-Vocabulary Define tephra

  11. ANSWER 500-Vocabulary Rock material ejected from the vent during a volcanic eruption.

  12. 100-Volcano CharacteristicsMagma Composition at Volcanoes Where can a volcano form?

  13. ANSWER 100-Volcano CharacteristicsMagma Composition at Volcanoes Along plate boundaries. Anywhere magma can form.

  14. 200-Volcano CharacteristicsMagma Composition at Volcanoes Volcanoes erupt because mantle rocks melts and becomes magma. What are the three conditions mantle rocks can melt?

  15. ANSWER 200-Volcano CharacteristicsMagma Composition at Volcanoes If temperature rises, if pressure lowers, and if water is added.

  16. 300-Volcano CharacteristicsMagma Composition at Volcanoes Name and explain the three stages of a volcano.

  17. ANSWER 300-Volcano CharacteristicsMagma Composition at Volcanoes • Active: Currently erupting or showing signs of eruption. • Dormant: No currently activity, but has erupted recently. • Extinct: no activity for some time, probably will never erupt again.

  18. 400-Volcano CharacteristicsMagma Composition at Volcanoes Explain mafic magma and felsic magma.

  19. ANSWER 400-Volcano CharacteristicsMagma Composition at Volcanoes • Mafic: low in silica. Contain dark magnesium and iron-rich minerals • Felsic: high in silica. Contain light minerals, commonly quartz.

  20. 500-Volcano CharacteristicsMagma Composition at Volcanoes What are three things magma composition determine?

  21. ANSWER 500-Volcano CharacteristicsMagma Composition at Volcanoes • Eruption style, the type of volcanic cone that forms, and the composition of rocks found at the volcano.

  22. 100- Explosive EruptionEffusive Eruptions Fill in blank. Large, explosive eruptions contain more energy than an _______________.

  23. ANSWER 100- Explosive EruptionEffusive Eruptions Atomic bomb

  24. 200- Explosive EruptionEffusive Eruptions What is a pyroclastic flow?

  25. ANSWER 200- Explosive EruptionEffusive Eruptions • The combination of tephra, ash, and gas that reach unreal speeds down a slope.

  26. 300- Explosive EruptionEffusive Eruptions Why is effusive much less deadly?

  27. ANSWER 300- Explosive EruptionEffusive Eruptions Slower, so people can evacuate.

  28. 400- Explosive EruptionEffusive Eruptions What are the three type of lava flow?

  29. ANSWER 400- Explosive EruptionEffusive Eruptions • Aa • Pahoehoe • Pillow Lava

  30. 500- Explosive EruptionEffusive Eruptions Explain the three types of lava flows.

  31. ANSWER 500- Explosive EruptionEffusive Eruptions • Aa: slightly viscous forms rough jagged layers of lava. • Pahoehoe: Not viscous forms ropy, smooth layers of lava • Pillow Lava: under water lava flows cool quickly into spherical rocks, common at mid-ocean ridges.

  32. 100-Types of VolcanoesSuper volcanoes True or False A super volcano is a very rare event in Earth's history?

  33. ANSWER 100-Types of VolcanoesSuper volcanoes True

  34. 200-Types of VolcanoesSuper volcanoes What is the shape of the volcano directly related to?

  35. ANSWER 200-Types of VolcanoesSuper volcanoes Magma composition

  36. 300-Types of VolcanoesSuper volcanoes Name the three shapes of a volcano.

  37. ANSWER 300-Types of VolcanoesSuper volcanoes • composite cone • shield cone • cinder cone

  38. 400-Types of VolcanoesSuper volcanoes Explain the shape of the three types of volcanoes.

  39. ANSWER 400-Types of VolcanoesSuper volcanoes • Composite cone: Built in layers • Shield cone: Large, gently sloping volcano • Cinder cone: Distinct cone shape

  40. 500-Types of VolcanoesSuper volcanoes Name a place that is considered as a super volcano.

  41. ANSWER 500-Types of VolcanoesSuper volcanoes • Yellowstone park

  42. 100-Volcanoes at HotspotsPredicting Volcanic Eruptions Is predicting volcanic eruptions harder to predict or is earthquakes harder to predict?

  43. ANSWER 100-Volcanoes at HotspotsPredicting Volcanic Eruptions Earthquakes are harder to predict.

  44. 200-Volcanoes at HotspotsPredicting Volcanic Eruptions What is interplate volcanism?

  45. ANSWER 200-Volcanoes at HotspotsPredicting Volcanic Eruptions When a volcano occurs in the middle of plates.

  46. 300-Volcanoes at HotspotsPredicting Volcanic Eruptions Define mantle plume

  47. ANSWER 300-Volcanoes at HotspotsPredicting Volcanic Eruptions Mantle plume: An upwelling of upwelling of unusually hot mantle plume

  48. 400-Volcanoes at HotspotsPredicting Volcanic Eruptions Define hotspots.

  49. ANSWER 400-Volcanoes at HotspotsPredicting Volcanic Eruptions Hotspots: a magma chamber developed above the mantle plume

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