John Zinky, Richard Shapiro, Sarah Siracuse BBN Technologies Cambridge, MA

1. Complementary Methods for QoS Adaptation in Component-based Multi-Agent SystemsMASS 2004August 30, 2004 John Zinky, Richard Shapiro, Sarah Siracuse BBN TechnologiesCambridge, MA JZinky@bbn.comRshapiro@bbn.comSSiracus@bbn.com http://cougaar.org http://quo.bbn.com

2. Overview • Distributed control loops to manage QoS adaptation are implemented using Agents. • Sensors and Actuators Agents need to reach into the infrastructure to implement their QoS adaptation. • Components, Binders and Aspects are effective mechanisms for adding QoS adaptation to Agent infrastructure • Flexible and Efficient implementations were achieved using extended component techniques

3. Societies of Agents can Implement Traditional Control Loops • Sensors Agents monitor the environment and send summarize the observations to the controller • Actuators Agents control one part of the environment. • Controllers Agents manage the overall environment to achieve some property Controller Sensors Actuators Environment

4. Denial of Service (DoS) Defense is Coordinated Across Multiple Multiple Node-Agents Robustness Manager Node Management Agent GUI Attack Assessment Plugin DoS Servlet NodeAgent A Detect Status Blackboard Attack Detector Plugin AttackStatus Listener Plugin Dos Detectors Defense Actuators NodeAgent C NodeAgent B Detect Status Middleware Services Fuse Reset SSL Aspect CPU Fuse Socket Underlying Resources

5. Cougaar Component Model Allows Components to Offer and to Request Services Client Component Server Component Business Function Service Invoke Service() Service Instance Service Provider Get Service() Container Service Broker Get Service() Register Service()

6. QoS Adaptation can be Explicitly Added as New Services and Component In-band Qos-Extended Business Services QoS-Enabled Server Component QoS-Enabled Client Component Invoke Service() Out-of-Band QoS Management Services QoS Adaptation Policy Component QoS-Status Integration Services Control Services Control Services Sensor Component Sensor Component Listener Services Listener Services Container

7. Sensor Components Node-level adaptation Metrics Servlets Adaptivity Engine SysCond (Keys) (Paths) QuO/RSS Data Scopes Data Formulas Metrics Writer Service Node/Agent Models Metrics Reader Service Integration Formulas Gossip Integration Cougaar Data Feed Gossip Data Feed Config Data Feed NMS Config Files Gossip Aspect Neighbor Nodes Host Probe Optional Sharing Cougaar Metrics Service Integrates Out-of-Band QoS Metrics From Internal and External Sources

8. Enhanced Service Service Component Service Proxy Client-side Service Proxy Server-side Client Component Service Instance Service Provider Get Service() Register Service() Service Broker Service Provider Service Broker Binder Binder Get Service() Get Service() Service Broker Register Service() Container Binders Wrap Components to Enhance Services.

9. Binders Can be Composed Either on the Component, the Container, or Both Component Component Wrapped Component Component Component QoS Binder QoS Binder QoS Binder QoS Binder QoS Binder Container Wrapped Container Container

10. Work-flow between stations Component Component Component Component Aspect Delegates Aspect Object Aspect Object QoS State QoS State QoS Services QoS Services Aspects Insert Delegates into Multiple Services to Add Cross-Cutting Functionality.

11. Node Message Transport Service (Send-side) Email Link Protocol Destination Transport Agent Destination Queue Destination Transport MTS Proxy Message Manager BB Logic Provider Destination Link Destination Queue Send Queue Router RMI Link Protocol Agent Destination Transport Destination Queue MTS Proxy Message Manager BB Logic Provider Destination Transport Destination Link R M I M T Aspect Support Registry Link Protocol Factory Name Support Loop Back LP Node Generic Link Message Transport Service (Receive-side) Agent RMI Link Protocol Message Manager BB Logic Provider Receive Link R M I MTImpl Deliverer Email Link Protocol Agent Message Manager Receive Link BB Logic Provider Receive Port Cougaar Message Transport has a Basic Workflow That can be Modified by Aspects.

12. MTS Aspects can be Developed Independentlyand Composed to form a Robust System Forward M T S P r x Dest Link S e n d Q MT D e s t Q R o u t e Output Stream Hold Route Send M M L P B B Link Protocol Message Transport Service Agent Name Support Multicast Statistic Compress Signature Status L P R e c v L M M B B D E L V R R MT Input Stream Receive Deliver Deliver Transport

13. Quality Object (QuO) Can be Used to Structure Binders or Aspects (using Code Generators) Server-Side Proxy Client-Side Proxy Wrapped Component QuO Delegate QuO Delegate QuO Contract QuO Contract Sys Cond Sys Cond Sys Cond external external

14. Cougaar QoS Adaptive Components can be Tailored to the Expected Environment

15. Overhead of QoS Adaptation is Relatively Low When Agents are Distributed.

16. Conclusion and Future Work Agent can implement Distributed Control loops to Manage QoS Adaptation Sensors and Actuators Agents need to reach into the infrastructure to implement their QoS adaptation Components, Binders and Aspects are effective mechanisms for adding QoS adaptation to Agent infrastructure The interaction between Agents needs to be explicitly modeled. QoS Sensor Agent QoS Actuator Agent Coordination Artifact Agent Agent • AAMAS 04, Coordination Artifacts: Environment-based Coordination for Autonomous Agents Andrea Omicini, Alessandro Ricci, Mirko Viroli, Cristiano Castelfranchi, Luca Tummolini