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EmNet: Satisfying The Individual User Through Empathic Home Networks

EmNet: Satisfying The Individual User Through Empathic Home Networks. J. Scott Miller, John R. Lange & Peter A. Dinda Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Prescience Lab http://presciencelab.org http://empathicsystems.org. Summary.

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EmNet: Satisfying The Individual User Through Empathic Home Networks

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  1. EmNet: Satisfying The Individual UserThrough Empathic Home Networks J. Scott Miller, John R. Lange & Peter A. Dinda Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Prescience Lab http://presciencelab.org http://empathicsystems.org

  2. Summary • User satisfaction in home broadband environments varies dramatically across users • There is no canonical user • Demonstrated with user study • EmNet: use per-user feedbackto schedule external link • User satisfaction increases by 20% • First network scheduling policy to use per-user satisfaction

  3. Outline • User satisfaction in home networks • User study with controlled conditions • EmNet: Design and implementation • Targets home network routers • Evaluation • User study with controlled conditions

  4. Per-User Variation • Traditional optimizations focus on a canonical user • Abstract definition for the average user • Real users have large variability • Different performance demands to achieve satisfaction • Optimizing for a single user is non-optimal • Leads to both over and under provisioning

  5. User study • Variance in typical home network users • Measured satisfaction with network performance • Emulated home network environment • 20 study participants • Taken from University population • 3 web applications • Wikipedia, Image labeler, streaming video • 16 cross traffic scenarios • Both upload and download • Collected per scenario satisfactionratings • Satisfaction measured on 10 point scale

  6. Internet Test Subject Emulated Broadband Link Web Proxy Network Bridge (Home Router) Cross Traffic Client Cross Traffic Server Study Testbed

  7. Interface • Measurements collected via web interface • Overlaid onto web pages viewed by users • Router injected code in every web page viewed

  8. Study Results(Streaming Video) Large Per-User variation in satisfaction Average satisfaction varies between cross traffic scenarios

  9. Implications • There is no canonical user • Users have different performance expectations • Per-user satisfaction can be collected in real-time • Optimal network scheduling requires knowledge of user satisfaction

  10. EmNet • Designed to be embedded in home network routers • Optimizes home networks based on user satisfaction • Components • User Interface (Satisfaction sensor) • Proxy server and Interface injector • Policy Controller • Network Controller

  11. Proxy Server and User Interface • Injects JavaScript interface onto web pages • Monitors and tracks network traffic • Associates connections with user input signals • FlowSets • Real time measurements of user satisfaction • Corresponding to a given group of connections • Drives bandwidth allocation decisions On screen slider Real time satisfaction measurements Used as input to policy controller

  12. Static BW Dynamic BW User 2 Back Ground User 1 User 2 Back Ground User 1 Back Ground User Back Ground 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Satisfaction Rating Value Policy Controller • Optimizes bandwidth allocation between network flows • Maximizes user satisfaction • Minimizes over-provisioning • Output • percentage of bandwidth allocated per FlowSet • Input • User satisfaction measurements • Connections associated with each measurement • Prevents link monopolization • Guaranteed minimum static allocation • Allocates bandwidth between FlowSets and background traffic • Cost function

  13. Network Controller • Manages network connection performance • Assignsactual bandwidth FlowSets • Weighted Fair Queuing approach • Weights are set to ensure proportional allocation under load

  14. System Architecture • Designed for home network routers User drives queuing decisions

  15. Evaluation • EmNet prototype implementation • Installed in network testbed • Network controller in network bridge • FreeBSD and DummyNET • Simplistic cost function • Users effectively pay for data (~$10)

  16. User Study • Separate from initial variability study • 18 participants from university population • Same 3 applications • Wikipedia, Image Labeler, Streaming Video • Subset of initial cross traffic scenarios • Most significantly affecting satisfaction • User interface was injected onto every page • Collected results with and without control active

  17. Internet Test Subject Web Proxy Network Bridge (Home Router) Cross Traffic Client Cross Traffic Server Evaluation Testbed Satisfaction Measurements Network Controller

  18. Results Image Labeler Video Streaming

  19. General Results • EmNet increases user satisfaction with a nominal increase in bandwidth usage • 20% more satisfied than without network control • 12% more satisfied than static WFQ • 6% more bandwidth than static WFQ • Experimental cost function ineffective • Users rarely decreased the slider to lower incurred cost • Cost function had no real world value

  20. Additional information in Northwestern Technical Report • Prescience Lab • http://plab.cs.northwestern.edu • Empathic Systems • http://empathicsystems.org/ • John Lange • http://www.artifex.org/~jarusl

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