1 / 93

SNMPv2

SNMPv2. Yen-Cheng Chen Department of Information Management National Chi Nan University Puli, Nantou, Taiwan. SNMPv1. SNMPv1 Protocol RFC 1157 – Simple Network Management Protocol SMIv1 Data Definition Language Full Standards: RFC 1155 - Structure of Management Information

tyanne
Download Presentation

SNMPv2

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. SNMPv2 Yen-Cheng Chen Department of Information Management National Chi Nan University Puli, Nantou, Taiwan

  2. SNMPv1 • SNMPv1 Protocol • RFC 1157 – Simple Network Management Protocol • SMIv1 Data Definition Language • Full Standards: • RFC 1155 - Structure of Management Information • RFC 1212 - Concise MIB Definitions • Informational: • RFC 1215 - A Convention for Defining Traps • SMIv1 MIB Modules • Full Standards: • RFC 1213 - Management Information Base II • RFC 1643 - Ethernet-Like Interface Types MIB

  3. SNMPv2 • SMIv2 Data Definition Language • Full Standards: • RFC 2578 - Structure of Management Information • RFC 2579 - Textual Conventions • RFC 2580 - Conformance Statements • SMIv2 MIB Modules • Full Standards: • RFC 2819 - Remote Network Monitoring MIB • RFC 3411 - SNMP Framework MIB • RFC 3412 - SNMPv3 MPD MIB • RFC 3413 - SNMP Applications MIBs • RFC 3414 - SNMPv3 USM MIB • RFC 3415 - SNMP VACM MIB • RFC 3418 - SNMP MIB

  4. SNMPv3 • SNMPv3 Protocol • Full Standards: • RFC 3411 - Architecture for SNMP Frameworks • RFC 3412 - Message Processing and Dispatching • RFC 3413 - SNMP Applications • RFC 3414 - User-based Security Model • RFC 3415 - View-based Access Control Model • RFC 3416 - Protocol Operations Version 2 • RFC 3417 - Transport Mappings for SNMP • RFC 3418 - SNMP MIB

  5. Major Changes • Bulk data transfer • Manager-to-manager message • Enhancements to SMI: SMIv2(RFC 2578) • Module definitions: MODULE-IDENTITY macro • Object definitions: OBJECT-TYPE macro • Trap definitions: NOTIFICATION-TYPE macro • Textual conventions (RFC 2579) • Conformance statements (RFC 2580) • Row creation and deletion in table • MIB enhancements • Transport mappings • Security Feature

  6. Structure of Management Information (SMI)

  7. SMIv1, SMIv2 • SMIv1: • SMI (RFC 1155) • Concise MIB (RFC 1212) • Trap-Type (RFC 1215) • SMIv2: • SMIv2 (RFC 2578) • Textual Conventions (RFC 2579) • Conformance Statements (RFC 2580)

  8. Three Parts of SMIv2 • Module definitions • MODULE-IDENTITY • Object definitions • OBJECT-TYPE • Notification difinitions • NOTIFICATION-TYPE

  9. 1. MODULE-IDENTITY

  10. MODULE-IDENTITY Example

  11. 2. OBJECT-TYPE OBJECT-TYPE MACRO ::= BEGIN TYPE NOTATION ::= "SYNTAX" Syntax UnitsPart "MAX-ACCESS" Access "STATUS" Status "DESCRIPTION" Text ReferPart IndexPart DefValPart VALUE NOTATION ::= value(VALUE ObjectName)

  12. "SYNTAX" Syntax Syntax ::= -- Must be one of the following: -- a base type (or its refinement), -- a textual convention (or its refinement), or -- a BITS pseudo-type type | "BITS" "{" NamedBits "}“ NamedBits ::= NamedBit | NamedBits "," NamedBit NamedBit ::= identifier "(" number ")“ -- number is nonnegative

  13. (Example) SYNTAX BITS protocolDirType OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX BITS { extensible(0), addressRecognitionCapable(1) } MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION “…” ::= { protocolDirEntry 5 }

  14. UnitsPart: UNITS UnitsPart ::= "UNITS" Text | empty hrDiskStorageCapacity OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX KBytes UNITS "KBytes" MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The total size for this long-term storage device. If the media is removable and is currently removed, this value should be zero." ::= { hrDiskStorageEntry 4 } Back to OBJECT-TYPE

  15. "MAX-ACCESS" Access Access ::= "not-accessible" | "accessible-for-notify" | "read-only" | "read-write" | "read-create" ordered from least to greatest: "not-accessible": indicates an auxiliary object "accessible-for-notify": accessible only via a notification "read-only": read only "read-write": read and write, but create does not. "read-create": read, write and create

  16. "STATUS" Status Status ::= "current" | "deprecated" | "obsolete" “current”: the definition is current and valid. “deprecated”: indicates an obsolete definition, it permits new/continued implementation. “obsolete”: the definition is obsolete and should not be implemented.

  17. ReferPart ReferPart ::= "REFERENCE" Text | empty ipForwardTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF IpForwardEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS obsolete DESCRIPTION "This entity's IP Routing table." REFERENCE "RFC 1213 Section 6.6, The IP Group“ ::= { ipForward 2 }

  18. NOTIFICATION-TYPE MACRO ::= BEGIN TYPE NOTATION ::= ObjectsPart "STATUS" Status "DESCRIPTION" Text ReferPart VALUE NOTATION ::= value(VALUE NotificationName) ObjectsPart ::= "OBJECTS" "{" Objects "}“ | empty Objects ::= Object | Objects "," Object Object ::= value(ObjectName) Status ::= "current" | "deprecated" | "obsolete" ReferPart ::= "REFERENCE" Text | empty Text ::= value(IA5String) END 3. NOTIFICATION-TYPE NotificationName ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER

  19. NOTIFICATION-TYPE Example Reference: SNMPv2-MIB (RFC 1907)

  20. OBJECT ?? • OBJECT IDENTIFIER defines the administrative identification of a node in the MIB • OBJECT-IDENTITY macro assigns an object identifier to an object identifier in the MIB • OBJECT-TYPE macro defines the type of a managed object

  21. OBJECT-IDENTITY / OBJECT-TYPE • OBJECT-IDENTITY is high level description • OBJECT-TYPE details description needed for implementation

  22. OBJECT-TYPE

  23. Table Expansion • Augmentation of a table (dependent table) adds additional columns to an existing table(base table) • Dense table enables addition of more rows to base table • Sparse table supplements less rows to a base table

  24. Augmentation of Tables

  25. Appending a Spare Table hrDiskStorageTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF HrDiskStorageEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The (conceptual) table of long-term storage devices contained by the host..." ::= { hrDevice 6 } hrDiskStorageEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX HrDiskStorageEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A (conceptual) entry for one long-term storage devices contained by the host..." INDEX { hrDeviceIndex } ::= { hrDiskStorageTable 1 } hrDeviceTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF HrDeviceEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The (conceptual) table of devices…" ::= { hrDevice 2 } hrDeviceEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX HrDeviceEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A (conceptual) entry for one device contained by the host. …" INDEX { hrDeviceIndex } ::= { hrDeviceTable 1 }

  26. Textual Convention • Enables defining new data types • Makes semantics of data types consistent and human readable • Creates new data types using existing ones and applies restrictions to them • An important textual convention in SNMPv2, RowStatus creates and deletes rows

  27. SNMPV1: DisplayString ::= OCTET STRING -- This data type is used to model textual information taken -- from the NVT ASCII character set. By convention, objects -- with this syntax are declared as having -- SIZE (0..255) • SNMPv2: Also see Page 251

  28. InterfaceIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION DISPLAY-HINT "d" STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A unique value, greater than zero, for each interface or interface sub-layer in the managed system. It is recommended that values are assigned contiguously starting from 1. The value for each interface sub-layer must remain constant at least from one re-initialization of the entity's network management system to the next re-initialization." SYNTAX Integer32 (1..2147483647)

  29. Creation of Row: RowStatus

  30. Create-and-Go Row Creation Manager Agent Managed Process Process Entity SetRequest ( status.3 = 4, index.3 = 3, Create Instance data.3 = DefData ) Response ( Instance Created status.3 = 1, index.3 = 3, data.3 = DefData )

  31. Create-and-Wait: Row Creation

  32. Row Deletion

  33. SNMPv2 MIB

  34. Conformance Statements for SMIv2 (RFC 2580)

  35. MIB MODULE IMPORTS EXPORTS MODULE-IDENTITY TEXTUAL-CONVENTION OBJECT IDENTIFIER Application Data Types OBJECT-TYPE NOTIFICATION-TYPE OBJECT-GROUP NOTIFICATION-GROUP MODULE-COMPLIANCE I E MI TCs OIs OTs NTs OGs NGs MCs

  36. NG OG OG NT OT OT OT NT NT OT OT OT OT NG NT NT OI OI data types TC E data types TC MI I MC OG OG NG NG MC

  37. Four Macros in SNMPv2-CONF • OBJECT-GROUP macro • NOTIFICATION-GROUP macro • MODULE-COMPLIANCE macro • AGENT-CAPABILITIES macro

  38. Conformance: OBJECT-GROUP • Conformance defined by • OBJECT-GROUP macro • NOTIFICATION-GROUP macro • OBJECT-GROUP • Compiled during implementation, not at run time • OBJECTS clause names each object • Every object belongs to an OBJECT-GROUP • Access defined by MAX-ACCESS, the maximum access privilege for the object

  39. OBJECT-GROUP OBJECT-GROUP MACRO ::= BEGIN TYPE NOTATION ::= ObjectsPart "STATUS" Status "DESCRIPTION" Text ReferPart VALUE NOTATION ::= value(VALUE OBJECT IDENTIFIER) ObjectsPart ::= "OBJECTS" "{" Objects "}" Objects ::= Object | Objects "," Object Object ::= value(ObjectName) Status ::= "current" | "deprecated" | "obsolete" ReferPart ::= "REFERENCE" Text | empty Text ::= value(IA5String) END

  40. OBJECT-GROUP Example hrSWRunGroup OBJECT-GROUP OBJECTS { hrSWOSIndex, hrSWRunIndex, hrSWRunName, hrSWRunID, hrSWRunPath, hrSWRunParameters, hrSWRunType, hrSWRunStatus } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The Host Resources Running Software Group." ::= { hrMIBGroups 4 }

  41. Conformance: NOTIFICATION-GROUP • NOTIFICATION-GROUP • Contains trap entities defined in SMIv1 • NOTIFICATIONS clause identifies the notifications in the group • NOTIFICATIONS-GROUP macro compiled during implementation, not at run time

  42. NOTIFICATION-GROUP NOTIFICATION-GROUP MACRO ::= BEGIN TYPE NOTATION ::= NotificationsPart "STATUS" Status "DESCRIPTION" Text ReferPart VALUE NOTATION ::= value(VALUE OBJECT IDENTIFIER) NotificationsPart ::= "NOTIFICATIONS" "{" Notifications "}" Notifications ::= Notification | Notifications "," Notification Notification ::= value(NotificationName) Status ::= "current" | "deprecated" | "obsolete" ReferPart ::= "REFERENCE" Text | empty Text ::= value(IA5String) END

  43. NOTIFICATION-GROUP Example linkUpDownNotificationsGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP NOTIFICATIONS { linkUp, linkDown } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The notifications which indicate specific changes in the value of ifOperStatus." ::= { ifGroups 14 }

  44. Compliance • Compliance has two classes of groups • MANDATORY-GROUPS ... Required • GROUP …Optional

  45. MODULE-COMPLIANCE MACRO ::= BEGIN TYPE NOTATION ::= "STATUS" Status "DESCRIPTION" Text ReferPart ModulePart VALUE NOTATION ::= value(VALUE OBJECT IDENTIFIER) MODULE-COMPLIANCE

  46. ModulePart ModulePart ::= Modules Modules ::= Module | Modules Module Module ::= "MODULE" ModuleName MandatoryPart CompliancePart ModuleName ::= identifier ModuleIdentifier | empty ModuleIdentifier ::= value(OBJECT IDENTIFIER) | empty MandatoryPart ::= "MANDATORY-GROUPS" "{" Groups "}“ | empty Groups ::= Group | Groups "," Group Group ::= value(OBJECT IDENTIFIER)

  47. CompliancePart (1/2) CompliancePart ::= Compliances | empty Compliances ::= Compliance | Compliances Compliance Compliance ::= ComplianceGroup | Object ComplianceGroup ::= "GROUP" value(OBJECT IDENTIFIER) "DESCRIPTION" Text Object ::= "OBJECT" value(ObjectName) SyntaxPart WriteSyntaxPart AccessPart "DESCRIPTION" Text

  48. SyntaxPart ::= "SYNTAX" Syntax | empty -- must be a refinement for object's SYNTAX clause WriteSyntaxPart ::= "WRITE-SYNTAX" Syntax | empty Syntax ::= type | "BITS" "{" NamedBits "}" NamedBits ::= NamedBit | NamedBits "," NamedBit NamedBit ::= identifier "(" number ")" AccessPart ::= "MIN-ACCESS" Access | empty Access ::= "not-accessible" | "accessible-for-notify" | "read-only" | "read-write" | "read-create" CompliancePart (2/2)

More Related