Aim: How do Autotroph's make their food?

1. Aim: How do Autotroph's make their food? Do Now: Create a chemical equation that illustrates what's happening here. Homework: Textbook pages 218 - 221 Q’s 1,3,4 &6 complete sentences

2. Photosynthesis • The process of converting solarenergy to chemicalenergy in form of organic compounds. • Organic compounds include sugars, lipids, and proteins.

3. What Happens during Photosynthesis?

4. Chlorophyll traps light causing Water to split intoH and O H2O  H2 + O

5. 2. Oxygen (waste) exits through stomata Hydrogen = used for next part Oxygen (air) H2O  H2 + O

6. Glucose (C6H12O6) • CO2 and H combine to form glucose CO2+ H

7. Chemical reaction Sunlight + Carbon dioxide + Water  Glucose + Oxygen (Raw materials/reactants)  (products) SUNLIGHT + H20 + CO2 C6H12O6 + O2 • Sunlight = provides the energy needed to begin the process of photosynthesis • Reactants/ Raw materials= the chemicals needed to start process • Products= the substances made from the process.

8. The formula of photosynthesis light Carbon + dioxide water glucose + oxygen enzymes (waste) light 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 enzymes http://www.kscience.co.uk/animations/photosynthesis.swf

9. Review: Define Photosynthesis. What is the energy source that starts the process? THE SUN

10. Review: What raw materials are used by the process of photosynthesis? and Carbon Dioxide Water

11. Review: What are the products of the photosynthesis ? • Glucose (Sugar) O2

12. Where does Photosynthesis occur?

13. The Leaf is the plant’s photosynthetic organ. • The leaf’s chlorophyll absorbs solar energy. This is where photosynthesis occurs.

14. CHLOROPLAST SITE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

15. The inside of the leaf: • The leaf is made up of many cells which contain organelles called chloroplasts. * See Leaf structure handout

16. Why Is the Sunlight important?

17. Sunlight or White light Sunlight or white light is actually a combination of all the colors of the rainbow: Blue, indigo, violet,green, yellow, orange, and red. Plants appear green because they absorb all the colors except green, which is reflected . It is the energy from light that energizes electrons which start the process of photosynthesis.

18. Photosynthetic pigments: Which colors are most effective for photosynthesis?

19. Best color light for photosynthesis Blue & red Easily absorbed

20. WHY ARE PLANTS GREEN? Different wavelengths of visible light are seen by the human eye as different colors. Micro-waves Radio waves Gammarays X-rays Infrared UV Visible light Wavelength (nm)

21. The feathers of male cardinals are loaded with carotenoid pigments. These pigments absorb some wavelengths of light and reflect others. Reflected light Sunlight minus absorbed wavelengths or colors equals the apparent color of an object.

22. Why are plants green? Reflected light Transmitted light

23. THE COLOR YOU SEE IS THE COLOR REFLECTED • Chloroplasts contain PIGMENTS (chlorophyll) that absorb the sun’s energy and use it to create glucose Light

24. Least effective = GREEN (reflected)

25. Final summary Define Photosynthesis It is the process that plants use to create food (organic materials) using the suns energy.

26. Review: What is the equation for photosynthesis? SUNLIGHT + H20 + CO2 C6H12O6 + O2

27. What are the best color lights for photosynthesis to occur? Blue & red Because they are easily absorbed Review:

28. How do Autotroph’s make their own food? Photosynthesis Song

29. Aim: How are plants adapted for autotrophic nutrition? B A Do Now: 1.) 2.) Identify A and B

30. LEAVES STOMATA ROOTS VASCULAR TISSUE/BUNDLE

31. ROOTS the root is the organ of a plant body that typically lies below the surface of the soil The two major functions of roots are 1.) absorption of water and inorganic nutrients 2.) anchoring the plant body to the ground

32. STOMATA (stomate; singular) is a pore found in the leaf and stem epidermis that is used for gas exchange Guard cells are responsible for regulating the size of this opening

33. Guard cells and Homeostasis • Guard cellscontrol the opening and closing of the stomata. • This allows the leaf to control water loss (transpiration). • They allow carbon dioxide to enterand oxygen to be released. Guard Cell Stomata

34. Transpiration is the evaporation of water from plants that occurs at the leaves while their stomata are open (for the passage of CO2 and O2 during photosynthesis)

35. How does chloroplast assist in autotrophic nutrition? Why are most plants green? The leaf and chloroplasts • The organelle chloroplast contains the pigmentchlorophyll which absorbs every color except green which is reflected.

36. The planet is 70% water so most photosynthesis occurs in the oceans. • On land or under water, the process of photosynthesis is still the same: energy + carbon dioxide produces sugar and oxygen. • The producers are algae and phytoplankton.

37. Phytoplankton: producers in the oceans Located just beneath the water’s surface These producers form the foundation for marine food webs

38. Review: What role does chloroplast and chlorophyll play in the process? Chloroplastis the organelle inside the plant cell that photosynthesis takes place. Chlorophyllis the pigment that attracts light to start the process.

39. Review: What is the least effective light for photosynthesis? GREEN because most plants reflect the color!

40. Review: What is the photosynthetic organ of the plant? The LEAF

41. Review: How does carbon dioxide enter the plant? Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through openings called stomata Stoma

42. Review Photosynthesis review: What part of the leaf regulates transpiration and gas exchange? Guard Cells

43. Review Guard cells control opening of stomata. Stomata=pores • Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through openings called stomata.Water is absorbed from the soil and is carried to the leaf.

44. Review

45. Photosynthesis “The Summary” Photosynthesis review: See video and take quiz ;-)