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Edith Hamilton’s Mythology

Explore the fascinating world of ancient Greek mythology with detailed information on the Twelve Olympians, including Zeus, Poseidon, Hera, Hades, and more. Delve into their powers, symbols, family connections, and interesting myths surrounding these iconic deities.

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Edith Hamilton’s Mythology

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  1. Edith Hamilton’sMythology The Twelve Olympians

  2. The Twelve OlympiansGreek/Roman Names Zeus/Jupiter Poseidon/Neptune Hera/Juno Hades/Dis Hestia/Vesta Ares/Mars Athena/Minerva Hermes/Mercury Apollo/Phoebus Apollo Artemis/Diana Hephaestus/Vulcan Aphrodite/Venus

  3. Zeus/JupiterGod of Gods • Eagle, thunderbolts • Son of Cronus and Rhea; brother of Hades+Poseidon • Wrathful, lustful, not “all-knowing” • Married to Hera, ungodly marital behavior • Many children mostly out of wedlock

  4. Poseidon/NeptuneGod of the Sea • Trident • Brother of Zeus+Hades • Powerful, secretive • Son of Cronus & Rhea • Vengeful, usually argumentative with other gods

  5. Hades/DisGod of the Underworld • dark bearded, crown, scepter, key, helmet of invisibility, chariot • Rarely worshipped • Son of Cronus & Rhea; brother of Zeus+Poseidon (drew the short straw) • Cerberus

  6. Hera/JunoGoddess of Marriage Protector of Married Women • Peacock, cow, pomegranate • Powerful, bold, jealous • Daughter of Cronus & Rhea • Wife and sister of Zeus • Avenged infidelity often

  7. Hestia/VestaGoddess of Home and Hearth • Hearth fire • Good-natured, loving • Does not appear in myths at all…symbolic herself • Daughter of Cronus & Rhea • Seven Vestal Virgins oversee her fire

  8. Ares/MarsGod of War • Spear, vulture, dog • Boastful, loud, cruel • Son of Zeus and Hera • Terrorized mortals • 4 horses: Terror, Fire, Flame, Trouble • Relatives: Deimos(fear), Phobos(terror), Eris(discord)

  9. Athena/MinervaGoddess of the City, Wisdom, Handicrafts, War & Agriculture • Owl, olive • Wise, even-tempered, fierce in battle • Daughter of Zeus & Metis • Sprung from Zeus’ skull fully armed

  10. Hermes/MercuryGod of Travelers, Thieves & Shepherds • Winged sandals and hat, caduceus • Witty, happy, clever, friendly, helpful • Son of Zeus & Maia • Chief messenger, not the most honest god

  11. ApolloGod of Light & Purity • Mouse, sun dial, lyre • Cheerful, sometimes jealous • Son of Zeus and Leto • Perpetually young, handsome, wise • Teaches moderation

  12. Artemis/DianaGoddess of the Hunt & Moon • Cypress tree, wild animals, deer • Aloof, majestic, nature-loving, quick to anger, athletic • Daughter of Zeus & Leto • Twin of Apollo • Skilled archer, lived among virgin nymphs

  13. Hephaestus/VulcanGod of Fire & Forge • Fire, quail • Modest, helpful, prone to laughter • Son of Zeus & Hera • Ugly and lame • Helped by Cyclopes in underground forges • Taught men to use fire

  14. Aphrodite/VenusGoddess of Love • Dove, rose, apple • Seductive, irresistible, sometimes treacherous • The foam-risen goddess • Hephaestus won her hand, not heart, she’s in love with Ares • Led Paris to Helen

  15. The Myths God Teachers, Quests, Cycles, Metamorphoses, Losses of Innocence, Creation

  16. Prometheuspro ME thee us • Kind, clever, long-suffering • An original Titan • Benefactor of Mankind • stole fire from Zeus and gave it to the primitive mortals • Punished for thousands of years

  17. Demeter and Persephone • Demeter goddess of Agriculture • Loving but moody • Daughter Persephone kidnapped by Hades • Neglect of the Earth • Pomegranate seeds • Spring vs. Winter

  18. Dionysusdy o NY sis • God of the Vine • Grapes, panther, goat, dolphin • Joyful, pleasure-loving, dangerous when opposed • Son of Zeus & Semele • Turned kidnapping sailors into dolphins • Bacchantes ecstasy dancing

  19. Cupid and PsycheCUE pid and SY key • Cupid (Eros) Archer of Love • Psyche Greek Heroine • Punished for challenging Aphrodite (Eros’ mother) • Accidental love • Jealous sisters urge disobedience • Oil drip wakes Eros • Vengeful tasks of Aphrodite • Forgiveness and marriage

  20. Athena and Arachnea THEE nah and a RAK nee • Athena challenged Arachne • Arachne’s weaving was better • She hung herself after being beaten • Athena turned her into a spider

  21. Pygmalion and Galateapig MAIL yon and gal ah TAY ah • King of Cyprus • Sculpted a woman • Prayed to Aphrodite • Live statue • Love and marriage

  22. Apollo and Daphneah PAWL oh and DAF nee • Apollo taunted Eros • One arrow of gold one of lead • Pursuit and plea for help • Laurel tree transformation • Vow of fidelity

  23. PhaetonFAY tohn • Childish son of Apollo (Helios) • Proof of parentage • Wish granted to fly the chariot • Out of control flight • Zeus puts an end to it

  24. Pyramus and Thisbe PEER ah muss and THIZ bee • Fairest and Handsomest in Babylonia • Forbidden love • Plan to meet at Tomb of Ninus • Thisbe’s cape soiled with blood by a lioness • Pyramus stabbed himself over her assumed death • Thisbe returned to him and stabbed herself also

  25. Icarus and DaedalusICK ar uss and DAY dah luss • Jealous of his nephew Talus, killed him and moved to Crete • King Minos’ wife fell in love and had a child with a bull (Minotaur) • Daedalus built the labyrinth and a way to escape • Warnings of high and low flying to Icarus • Melting wax, falling Icarus

  26. Narcissusnar SISS uss • Hera’s sentence of silence for Echo the nymph • Narcissus is vain, Echo loved him • “Is anyone here?” “Here, here!” • Echo ignored by Narcissus faded to only a voice • Finally saw himself and died looking at it

  27. Baucis and PhilemonBA kiss and FILL ah min • Zeus & son Hermes • Test of Hospitality • Ever-full wine bowl • Flood • Hut to Temple • Oak and Linden trees

  28. Pyrrah and DeucalionPEER ah and doo CAL yon • The Greek Noah, son of Prometheus (who warned him) • Zeus floods Earth • Ran aground on Parnassus • Loneliness in a cave (Delphi Oracle) • “Throw the bones of your mother over your shoulders.” • Rocks turn to people • Parents of Pandora

  29. JasonJAY son • Jason sent away to avoid death by uncle • Bargain for thrown with uncle (golden fleece) • Argonauts set out • Bargains with Medea’s father • Plowed the fields of the fire breathing bull, attained fleece, and distracted Medea’s father with her help. • Married Medea, later grew tired of her and she killed their children

  30. TheseusTHEE see us • Aegeus buried sandals and sword under heavy rock • Theseus lifted it at 16 yrs. • Slayed the Minotaur (labyrinth) for Minos • Ariadne loved Theseus and asked Daedalus for help (thread idea) • Returning to Aegeus, wrong sails displayed

  31. HerculesHER cue leez • Hearty, good-natured, prone to rages • 12 Labors • Nemean Lion, Hydra, Thrace’s flesh-eating horses, Cerebrus, etc • Made a god upon his death

  32. PerseusPER see uss • King Acresias and Danae • Polydectes loved Danae, Perseus protects by offering Medusa’s head • Athena’s shield, nymph’s invisibility helmet, winged sandals, and magic pouch, Hermes’ knife • He succeeds • Pegasus born • Saved Andromeda, froze her family for deceit • Also froze Polydectes for hassling Danae

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