Subclass: Liliidae Order: Liliales Family: Liliaceae

1. Subclass: Liliidae Order: Liliales Family: Liliaceae • 1. Herbaceous perennials • 2. Actinomorphic • 3. 3-merous (6 stamen) • 4. Ovary mostly superior • Lilium, Smilacina, Allium

2. Subclass: Liliidae Order: Liliales Family: Iridaceae • 1. Herbaceous perennials • 2. Equitant Leaves • 3. Mostly Irregular, Actinomorphic • 4. 3-merous (3 stamen) • 5. Ovary mostly inferior • 6. Fruit: capsule • Iris, Gladiolus, Crocus, Sisyrinchum

3. Subclass: Commelinidae Order: CommelinalesFamily: Commelinaceae • 1. Herbs with succulent stems. • 2. Leaves with closed basal sheath. • 3. Sepals 3, green. • 4. Petals usually 3, usually blue. • 5. Filaments often hairy. • 6. Ovary superier; 3 carpels, 3 locules. • 7. Six (6) stamen, 3 often stamenoid. • Trandescantia “spiderwort” • Commelina “day flower”

4. Subclass: Magnoliidae Order: Magnoliales Family: Magnoliaceae “magnolia” • 1. Trees or shrubs. • 2. Leaves alternate,simple, stipulate. • 3. Solitary flowers; perfect; regular. • 4. Numerous flower parts spirally arranged. • Liriodendron, Magnolia

5. Subclass: Magnoliidae Order: Ranunculales Family: Ranunculaceae • 1. Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes shrubs or vines • 2. Leaves mostly alternate, often palmately divided • 3. Flowers typically bisexual, actinomorhic or zygomorphic • 4. Calyx 3 to many; corolla 5 to many • 5. Androecium 5 to many • 6. Gynecium 3 to many pistils; superior on knob • Ranunculus (“buttercups”), “columbine”, “larkspurs”, “virgin’s bower”

6. Subclass: Dilleniidae Order: Salicales Family:Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) • 1. Herbs • 2. Leaves simple, often dissected • 3. Inflorescence usually a raceme • 4. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic • 5. Corolla usually 4 petals - cross • 6. Androecium of 6 stamen: 4 long, 2 short • 7. Gynecium a compound pistil with 2 carpels, 2 locules • 8. Fruit: a silique or silicle • Brassica, “mustards”, “shepard’s purse”

7. Subclass: Asteridae Order: Solanales Family:Polemoniaceae • 1. Herbs, shrubs, rarely trees • 2. Flowers bisexual and actinomorphic • 3. 5-merous and twisted in the bud • 4. Calyx of 5 united sepals • 5. Corolla of 5 united petals • 6. One style; 3 stigma lobes • 7. Fruit: a loculicidal capsule • Polemonium (“Jacob’s ladder”), Phlox, Gila

8. SubclassRosidae Order: Apiales Family: Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) • 1. Aromatic biennial or perennial herbs with hollow leaf stems. • 2. Leaves compound with sheathing bases. • 3. Inflorescence umbellate. • 4. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, 5-merous; 2 carpels. • Ca5, Co5, A5, G2 • Daucus (“wild carrot”), Conium (“poison hemlock”), • Pastinaca (“wild parsnip”), Sanicula (“black snakeroot”)

9. Subclass: Caryophyllidae Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae • 1. Annual or perennial herbs with swollen nodes. • 2. Leaves opposite; simple; connected at the base with a transverse line. • 3. Bisexual; actinomorphic; 5-merous (stamen 5 or 10). • 4. Pistil with free central placentation; 1 locule. • 5. Fruit; a dry capsule opening with teeth or valves. • Dianthus (“pinks”), Stellaria (“chickweeds”), • Silene (“catchfly”), Lychnis (“campion”)