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IEEM 5352 E-Enterprise Integration

IEEM 5352 E-Enterprise Integration. eXtensible Markup Language (XML). What is XML?. XML: eXtensible Markup Language (XML) defines an universal standard for electronically exchanging data for the Internet and Web applications and is supported by major IT vendors. Topics covered include:

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IEEM 5352 E-Enterprise Integration

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  1. IEEM 5352E-Enterprise Integration eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

  2. What is XML? • XML: eXtensible Markup Language (XML) defines an universal standard for electronically exchanging data for the Internet and Web applications and is supported by major IT vendors. Topics covered include: • Authoring XML element and documents • XML schema and Document Type Definition (DTD) • XSL (eXtensible Style Language) for transforming XML to HTML • Tools for authoring and browsing XML to document • XML 是在網際網路及Web上定義資料標準格式之語言。 XML是將傳統的SGML加以簡化,但是又比HTML有彈性,使用者可自行定義標籤 (Tags), 用來傳輸有結構性的資料是HTML之後方興未艾的Web標準。在電子商務上,尤其企業間(B2B) 電子商務交易,XML將式資料交換企業整合的重要技術與標準。

  3. XML can take large chunks of information and consolidate them into an XML document - meaningful pieces that providestructure and organization to the information.

  4. Basic building block of an XML document is the element defined bytags.

  5. Root element -> Nested elements -> Hierarchical structure.

  6. XML Documents • An well formed XML document can be read and understood by an XML parser. • DTD (Document Type Definition) determines the structure and elements of an XML document. • XML parsers read XML documents and xtract the data for access by another program.

  7. EXL-Enabled Standards • RosettaNet is a consortium of product vendors and end users that defines a framework for data and process interchange with e-business -XML document and standard process flows. • XEDI is published specification describing how to map traditional EDI to XML and back again. • BizTalk is an industry consortium founded by Microsoft to define a standard XML grammar for XML-based messaging and metadata.

  8. EXL-Enabled Standards (cont.) • XFRML is an XML standard for reporting financial information over the Internet. • XML-Schema is a working group of the W3C that is looking to describe a better mechanism for determining the structure of an XML document. • XML Query is another W3C working group looking to create a common set of operations and language syntax for accessing persisted XML data. • XSLT provides a standard XML document transformation mechanism using a stylesheet as a common processing engine.

  9. XML Tools • XML Notepad (XML Editing Tool) • http://msdn.microsoft.com (.NET Frameworks 2.0) • http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=72d6aa49-787d-4118-ba5f-4f30fe913628&displaylang=en (XML Notepad) • XML Parser • Edit/Create Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) • http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/thankyou.aspx?familyId=2cf40ae6-368c-4b6b-a185-2dfa92fb7993&displayLang=en (Microsoft XML Parser)

  10. XML Example File (prods.xml) <?xml version=“1.0”?> <PRODUCTLIST xmlns=“x-schems:listschema.xml”> <PRODUCT> <ID>722</ID> <NAME>PENTIUM 100</NAME> <PRICE>1000</PRICE></PRODUCT> <PRODUCT> <ID>721</ID> <NAME>PENTIUM 11 300<NAME> <PRICE>5000</PRICE></PRODUCT> <PRODUCT> <ID>720</ID> <NAME>PENTIUM 111 450</NAME> <PRICE>15000</PRICE> </PRODUCT> </PRODUCTLIST>

  11. Rules for Well-Formed XML • Mandatory Closing Tag • The set of tags are unlimited but all container tags must have end tag, e.g., <tag>…</tag>. • Example: • <number>kj9876_34</number> • <due>1/12/98</due> • <bill_to>MTB1</bill_to> • <ship_to>MTO1</ship_to> • <selling_party>AC987</selling_party>

  12. Rules for Well-Formed XML (cont.) • Proper Element Nesting • All tags must be nested correctly. Like HTML, XML can intermix tag, but tags may not overlap each other. • Legal XML <PRODUCT> <ID>721</ID> <NAME>PENTIUM 11 300</NAME> <PRICE>5000</PRICE> </PRODUCT> Illegal XML <PRODUCT> <ID> <NAME>PENTIUM 11 300<NAME> <PRICE>5000</PRICE> </PRODUCT> </ID>

  13. Rules for Well-Formed XML (cont. 2) • Double-quote value delimiters • All attribute values must be enclosed in single or double quotation marks. • Legal: • <tag attribute=“value”> • Illegal: • <font size = 6> <XML> <xml> are different

  14. Rules for Well-Formed XML (cont. 3) • Single tag element • Singleton tag (called empty element or tags without content) must be written in an abbreviated form using special XML syntax. • Legal: • <BR/> • <TITLE></TITLE> is equivalent to <TITLE/>

  15. XML with an internal DTD DTD (Baseball.dtd) <!ELEMENT BASEBALL (TEAM)+> <!ELEMENT TEAM (CITY, PLAYER*)> <!ELEMENT CITY (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT PLAYER (LASTNAME, FIRSTNAME, AVG)> <!ELEMENT FIRSTNAME (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT LASTNAME (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT AVG (#PCDATA)> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE BASEBALL SYSTEM "Baseball.dtd"> <BASEBALL> <TEAM> <CITY>New York</CITY> <PLAYER> <LASTNAME>Strawberry</LASTNAME> <FIRSTNAME>Daryl</FIRSTNAME> <AVG>.286</AVG> </PLAYER> </TEAM> <TEAM> <CITY>Baltimore</CITY> <PLAYER> <LASTNAME>Alomar</LASTNAME> <FIRSTNAME>Roberto</FIRSTNAME> <AVG>.287</AVG> </PLAYER> </TEAM> </BASEBALL> +: 1 or more *: 0, 1 or more

  16. XML 之網頁呈現 DTD/ XML Schema Structure Processing for Display or Conversion Document with Special Format (HTML/CSS) XML document content XSL Display XML Parser

  17. XML Parser SERVER NETWORK CLIENT XML PARSER Client Application XML Converter Client Application Database XML

  18. XML SCHEMA • XML SCHEMA (XML-DATA) • Much richer and more extensible way • Describe the rule for the content of a document and use XML itself as a grammar • It was submitted to the W3C as the XML-DATA submission

  19. XML SCHEMA • A schema is defined using a particular XML syntax • <ElementType name="to" content="textOnly" /> • <ElementType name="from" content="textOnly" /> • <ElementType name="cc" content="textOnly" /> • <ElementType name="bcc" content="mixed"> • <attribute type="hidden" required="yes" /> • </ElementType> • <element type="to" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="*" /> • <element type="from" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" /> • <element type="cc" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="*" /> • <element type="bcc" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="*" /> Multiple

  20. XML and XSL XML XML HTML Internet Web Server XSL (Browser) eXtensible Stylesheet Language (XSL)

  21. XSL Example File <?xml version=“1.0”?> <HTML xmlns:xsl=“http:www.w3.org/tr/wd-xsl”> <body> <h1>test</h1> <xsl:for-each select=“PRODUUCTLIST/PRODUCT”> <DIV STYLE=“background-color:teal;color:white;padding:4px”> <SPAN STYLE=“font-weight:bold;color:white”> <xsl:value-of select=“id”/></SPAN> <xsl:value-of select=“name”/> </DIV> <DIV STYLE=“margin-left:20px;margin-bottom:font-size:12pt”> <I>price:<xsl:value-of select=“price”/></I> </DIV> <xsl:for-each> </body> </HTML>

  22. Business to Customer Order this book Web Server Bookstore Database Bookstore Customer Index all book Search Order books Book List Publish publisher Publisher XML

  23. References • Http://www.w3.org • Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition) • http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816 • Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) Version 1.1 • http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/ • XSL Transformation (XSLT) • http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xslt20-20070123/

  24. XML Notepad

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