德川日本的皇侃敘 抄本 與論語義疏的刊本在浙東的復活

1. 德川日本的皇侃敘抄本與論語義疏的刊本在浙東的復活德川日本的皇侃敘抄本與論語義疏的刊本在浙東的復活 艾爾曼 美国普林斯顿大学教授, 复旦大学文史研究院与历史系的特聘讲座教授, 2011-2013

2. 1. Classical language (C: wenyan wen 文言文; J: Kanbun 漢文; K: hanja한글). 2. Itō Jinsai伊藤仁斎(1627-1705) and Ogyū Sorai 荻生徂徠(1666-1729) -- 古學派3. Yamanoi Kanae 山井鼎(Konron 崑崙, 1670-1728) -- 1720-22: Shichikei Mōshi kōbun七經孟子考文, Ogyū Hokkei 荻生北渓(1669-1754) -- 1732: Shichikei Mōshi kōbun hoi 七經孟子考文補遺(Additions to the Examined texts for the seven classics and the Mencius). – 足利學校寫本4. Sorai’s student Hattori Nankaku 服部南郭 (1683-1749) prepared a “Preface” for his colleague Nemoto Sonshi’s 根本遜志(Hakushū 伯修1699-1764) 1750 Rongo giso 論語義疏(Subcommentary for the meaning of the Analects).5. Dazai Shundai 太宰春台(1680-1747) travelled to Ashikaga and found a unique version of the Classic of Filial Piety (Xiaojing/Kōkyō孝經) -- Kobun kōkyō Kōshi den古文孝經孔氏傳.6. Bao Tingbo 鮑廷博 (1728-1814 -- Zhibuzu zhai congshu 知不足齋叢書; 1781 the Qing prefaces 序 by Lu Wenchao 盧文弨(1717-1796), Wu Qian 吳騫 1733-1813, and Zheng Chen 鄭辰 reprinted in Japan.7. Huang Kan’s 皇侃 Liang 梁 dynasty (502-557) subcommentary (shu 疏; J: so) for the Analects (Lunyu/Rongo論語) known today as the Lunyu yishu/Rongo giso 論語義疏 (Subcommentary for the meaning of the Analects).8.Fujiwara no Sukeyo’s 藤原佐世(d. 898) late ninth century catalog of books entitled Nihon koku genzai sho mokuroku日本國見在書目錄(Catalog of books extant in Japan).

4. Lunyu yishu -- Huang Kan Preface Nemoto 1750/1864 published version used in China by SKQS and ZBZZCS

5. Nemoto’s edition of Huang Kan’s “Subcommentary.”

6. Wang Danwang’s edition of Huang Kan’s “Subcommentary”--1775 Zhejiang provincial commissioner (buzheng shi浙江布政使)

7. Zhibuzu zhai congshu – Lunyu yishu “Huang Kan Preface” Note: Nemoto Sonshi’s name has been removed

8. First Page of Huang Kan’s “Preface” in the Imperial Library 四庫全書.

9. SKQS Printed Edition

10. Nemoto’s Version of the Barbarian Passage in the 1750 Rongo gisho.

11. Wang Danwang’s Version of the Barbarian Passage in the Imperial Library.

12. Zhu Xi’sVersion of the Barbarian Passage in the Lunyu jizhu.

13. The Barbarian Passage in Xing Bing’s 刑昺 (932-1010) Scholia Version of the Lunyu zhushu.

14. Zhibuzu zhai congshu – Lunyu yishu, “Huang Kan Preface,” pp. 1b-2a.

15. Philology in the Sixth Century:音學, 字學, 訓詁 • According to Huang Kan’s “Preface,” earlier classical scholars (xian Ru 先儒) had three ways (santu 三途) to explain the choice of characters (zi 字) for the title of the Analects: • shezi zhiyin 捨字制音(setting aside the written form and establishing the sound), • sheyin congzi捨音從字(setting aside the sound and following the written form), • lunlun ercheng, yi wuyi ye 倫論二稱, 義無異也(the two different characters for “lun” have no disparity in meanings, i.e., they are simply variants).

16. Zhibuzu zhai congshu – Lunyu yishu , “Huang Kan Preface,”pp. 2b-3a.

17. Hattori Nankaku 服部南郭 -- LYYS “New” Preface Pages 1A-B

18. Hattori Nankaku LYYS “New” Preface Page 4B

19. The First Page of the Ashikaga 足利學校Version of the Lunyu yishu/Rongo gisho.

20. Ashikaga Gakko Mss: Opening page for the Lunyu yishu

21. “Congyin yizi” 從音依字Fragment

22. Below is a phrase by phrase correspondence between the characters in the eight added lines of Part II in the top register of the Ashikaga manuscript (in light black below) and those in the Huang Kan “Preface” (in bold), which Nemoto Sonshi collated. First line: 倫次也, 理也, 綸也, 輪也. 論此書門 [足利] 倫者次也. . . 倫者理也. . . 倫者綸也. . . 倫者輪也. . . 論者, 言此書 [根本] Second line: 徒先詳論, 人人僉允, 然後記 出自門徒, 必先詳論, 人人僉允, 然後乃記 Third line:則必先論, 故曰論也. 倫論無異蓋 記必己論, 故曰論也. . . 倫論無異者, 蓋 Fourth line:是南楚北夏音殊耳南人呼倫 是楚夏音殊, 南北語異耳, 南人呼倫事為論事 Fifth line:北人呼論音字雖異而義趣一也. 北士呼論事為倫事, 音字雖不同, 而義趣猶一也 Sixth line:侃云從音依字, 二途會為一義作論 侃案. . . 從音依字, 二途并錄, 以會成一義, 何者, 今字作論 Seventh line:者明此書門徒詳論而? 音? 作倫者此書含 者明此書之出, 不專一人. . . 而音作倫者, 明此書義含 Eighth line:妙理經綸古今首末輪環 妙理經綸今古, 自首臻末, 輪環不窮

23. “Yizi ze zhengshi liwen” 依字則 證事立文 Fragment

24. Below is another phrase by phrase correspondence, this time between the characters in the single added line of Part III of the Ashikaga manuscript in black below and those in the Huang Kan “Preface” (in bold), which Nemoto Sonshi collated. 依字則證事立文,取音則據理為義 , 義文兩立理事雙該 [足利] 依 字 則 證 事 立 文 , 取音 則 據 理 為 義 , 義 文 兩 立 理 事 雙 該 [根本] In this case, we see an exact correlation between the two versions. A translation would read: Relying on the written character, then it demonstrates the actual matter [of speaking and discussing] to establish the compound character (= 言 + 侖 = 論). Choosing the pronunciation, then it depends on the [gloss of] patterning to form the meaning. When the meaning and the compound form are both established, the [gloss of] patterning and the actual matter of [speaking and discussing] overlap with each other.

26. First and Last Pages in the Manshuin’s 曼殊院Rongo sōryaku 論語総略 Manuscript. --Takeuchi Yoshio 武内義雄 (1886-1966),Takahashi Hitoshi 高橋均

28. The correspondences phrase by phrase between the written characters from the Sōryaku’s “Wang Kan subcommentary” in black and Nemoto’s 1750 published version of “Huang Kan’s Preface” in bold.The differences are highlighted in grey. 論語義疏敘. . . 因題論語兩字, 以為此書之名也, 但先儒後學解釋不同, 凡通此論字, [根本] 王侃疏, 因題論語兩字, 以 為此書之名也 , 但先儒後學解釋不同, 凡通此論字, [論語総略] 大判有三途, 第一捨字制音, 呼之為倫, 一捨音依字, 而號曰論, 一 倫論二稱義無異也. 大判有三說, 第一捨字從音, 呼之為倫, 第二捨 音從字, 而號曰論, 第三倫論二 稱義無異也. 第一捨字從音為倫說者, 乃眾的可見者, 不出四家, 第一捨 字從音為倫說者, 乃眾的可見者, 不出四家, 一云倫者, 次也, 言此書事義相生, 首末相次也, 一云 倫者, 次也, 言此書事義相生, 首末相次也, 二云倫者, 理也, 言此書之中蘊含萬理也, 三云倫者, 綸也, 言此書經綸今古也, 二云 倫者, 理也, 言此書之中蘊含萬理也, 三云倫者, 綸也, 言此書經綸古今也, 四云倫者, 輪也, 言此書義旨周備圓轉無窮, 如車之輪也, 四 云倫者, 輪也, 言此書義旨周備圓轉無窮, 如車之輪也, 第二捨音依字為論者, 言此書出自門徒, 必先詳論, 第二捨音依字為論者, 言此書出自門徒, 必先詳論, 人人僉允, 然後乃記, 記必己論, 故曰論也, 第三云, 倫論無異者, 蓋是楚夏音. . 殊 人 人僉允, 然後乃記, 記必己論, 故曰論也, 第三, 倫論二稱無異者, 蓋 是楚夏音. . 殊