Review for Exam 1

1. Review for Exam 1 • Early bipedal hominids • Chp. 1: Beginning modern civilization • Chp. 2: Atomic energy • Chp. 3: Telecommunications

2. Early hominids Bipedal hominid species Radioactive dating Science/Technology Subsystems Science & Democracy

3. Beginning Modern Civilization Ice ages and their causes Glaciations and their causes River valley communities The scratch plow & trigger of change “Pure & Impure” “The Worst Mistake”

4. Atomic Energy Schist or Touchstone Alexandria 1022 star locations Fall of Constantinople 13th Century Ship technology changes Errant compass Magnetism Vacuum pump Investigation of weather Ben Nevis

5. Atomic energy con’t Cloud chamber Radar Nuclear Fission Voltage = current x resistance Power (watts) = volts x current (amps) Direct/Inverse relationships Electromagnetic relay switch

6. Names C.Ptolemy Dr. W. Gilbert Otto von Guericke Ben Franklin C. T. R. Wilson Watson Watt E. Appleton A. Einstein E. Rutherford

7. Telecommunications Battle of Hastings War Horse Improvements Battle of Agincourt China/gun powder New plow Farming technology

8. Telecommunications cont. Joachimsthal De Re Metalica Barometer Electricity Electromagnetic induction The telephone “Even geniuses make mistakes” “Can technology Spare the Earth”

9. Names G. Bauer Galileo/Torricelli/Ricci/Pascal Father Marin Mersenne H. C. Oersted • G. Bell Luigi Galvani • Volta M. Faraday Hauksbee

10. You should know • What are the triggers for glaciations. • What are the triggers for Major Cold Periods (Ice ages). • Which hominid first had the ability to make fire. How many years ago? • Was there time overlaps in bipedal hominids? • What is the difference between science and technology? • What skills is the US deficient in, according to Glenn Seaborg, to maintain its leadership in science and technology?

11. What you should know • According to Brian Arthur, what are subsystems? • What is radiochemical dating. Which of these dating methods would be used to determine the age of old woven materials. • If 100 Lbs of dynamite explodes how much will the products of this explosion weigh? • Explain the law of conservation of energy?

12. Questions • Describe the operation of the electromagnet and the relay. R, L • What were the triggers for the development of the calendar. B1, L • Explain the effect the end of the last ice age had on human civilization. B1, L • Why do things become more complex? R

13. Questions • Explain how writing, civil engineering, mathematics, metallurgy, etc. were triggered by the scratch plow. B1, L • What lessons should we have learned from our uncontrolled expansion of nuclear power in the 1960s? R • What caused the major cooling periods? When was the last major cooling period? L1 • What causes glaciations? When was the last one? L1 • What sacrifices were endured in the beginning of modern agriculture? R

14. What you should know • Describe early gold purification methods, in Burke pg. 15. • How did the touchstone affect trade? B2, L • How did cash money affect trade. B2, L • How long was it before Ptolemy’s star charts were used for navigation? B2, L • What is the lateen sail and how did it affect trade and navigation? B2, L

15. What you should know • Describe the accomplishments of Otto von Guericke on magnetism, vacuum and electricity, B32-34. • How was radio detection and ranging developed from weather forecasting, B39-42 • Describe the accomplishment of Gilbert on the compass, vacuum & magnetism, B30-31

16. What you should know • What is the relationship between energy, E, and wave length of light, , in the equation E=hc/ ? (Direct or inverse) R, L • Consider the following equation Power = Volts x Current (Amps). If power (watts) is constant and voltage is cut in half, how would current (Amperes) be affected? L

17. Things you should know • What technology did the Normands utilize to win the battle of Hastings? B3, L • Explain how the horse stirrup affected social & economic status of people. B3, L • How the Welch longbow changed war. What major battle was it first used. B3, L • Describe the difference and similarity of the scratch plow and European plow. R, B3, L • A Chinese discovery which Europeans used as a weapon. B3, L

18. Things you should know • Describe four agricultural advances employed in 6-11th Century. B3, L • Explain how agricultural technology and the cannon affected longbow usage. B3, L • Explain why a vacuum pulls water up 32’ at sea level & less at higher elevations. B3, L • Why does Hg(L) in a tube illuminate, B75 • Explain how Oersted, Faraday, Hemholz, Scott and Bell contributed to the telephone. B3, L • Explain how a telephone works. B3, L

19. Additional Questions • Explain how an electromagnet works? R, L • What caused the NY blackout in 1965? B1 • New technology introduced at battles of Hasting and Agincourt. B3 • Differentiate between science and technology • What did Wilson cloud chamber tell us? B2, L • How does an electrical generator work? B3, L • What two discoveries did Guericke tell us about? B2, L • Identify the technology improvements to farming in the 11th Century.

20. More Questions • What are the parts of the relay? R, L • What technologies were developed in China and why did those developments did not flourish there? B3, L • What weapon did bell manufacturers make? • What is a Leyden Jar? B3 • What is nuclear fission? B3, L • What caused the doom of the longbow’s reign as weapon supreme? B3, L

21. More Questions • What caused the 1965 blackout? • How does an electromagnet work? • How does an electric generator work? • What are the parts to the new Plow? • Describe how the first telephone worked? • Changes to farming tech in the 11th Cent. • Why a vacuum pump pulls water up only 32ft?