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Výukový materiál GE 02 - 46 Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Jiří Foller

MOLECULAR GENETICS - RNA. Výukový materiál GE 02 - 46 Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Jiří Foller Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005 Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR. 2014.

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Výukový materiál GE 02 - 46 Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Jiří Foller

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  1. MOLECULAR GENETICS - RNA Výukový materiál GE 02 - 46 Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Jiří Foller Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005 Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR 2014

  2. a necessary component of protein synthesis (= synthesis of proteins) • synthesis of proteins = protein synthesis : • fundamental process, by which the information from DNA is transferred into a particular sign • polynucleotide chain RNA

  3. three types of RNA: • 1) m RNA messenger mediator • linear • synthesis in the cell nucleus • enzyme RNA – polymerase • the triplet of nucleotides after each other following on mRNA is called codon RNA

  4. the nitrogen base is bound on the ribosome carbon in position1, • different from DNA because of the occurance of uracil instead of thymine • remaining bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine) are identical on both nucleic acids RNA

  5. RNA very various: • mono helix and linear molecules • also double helix structures > t RNA • 3 types of RNA: • m RNA • t RNA • r RNA RNA

  6. 1) m RNA messenger mediator • information • it develops by the transcription from DNA (enzyme RNA – polymerase) • hundreds to thousands of nucleotides • linear • synthesis of m RNA in the cell nucleus • a triplet of nucleotides following behind each other placed on mRNA is called codon RNA

  7. RNA • 2) t RNA transfer • complicated structure • short – 74 až 95 nucleotides • the cord creates 4 arms • secondary structure - it reminds a shamrock trefoil

  8. RNA • particular arms attach to each other => they make up a more complex space formation – so called tertiary structure

  9. RNA • AMA bind on the acceptor arm • anticodon arm it contains a triplet of nucleotides = anticodon • each anticodon in tRNA is complementary to the particular triplet of nucleotides in mRNA – to the codon

  10. 3) rRNA ribosomal • contained in ribosomes • translation proceeds on ribosomes • genetic information transcribed from DNA into mRNA determines the order of aminoacids in the protein chain RNA

  11. DESCRIBE THE PICTURE

  12. REVISION Which picture depicts the tertiary structure of tRNA ?

  13. KOČÁREK, Eduard. Genetika: obecná genetika a cytogenetika, molekulární biologie, biotechnologie, genomika. 2. vyd. Praha: Scientia, 2008, 211 s. ISBN 978-80-86960-36-4. SOURCES

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