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Enforced Crop Production Rules

Enforced Crop Production Rules. IPM techniques is that are required by statute or ordinance, imposed on all growers in a given area, and enforced, usually by penalty. Major types: Crop or Host-Free Periods Planting Date Restrictions Cultivar Restrictions Compulsory Sanitation Measures.

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Enforced Crop Production Rules

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  1. Enforced Crop Production Rules IPM techniques is that are required by statute or ordinance, imposed on all growers in a given area, and enforced, usually by penalty. Major types: • Crop or Host-Free Periods • Planting Date Restrictions • Cultivar Restrictions • Compulsory Sanitation Measures

  2. Licensing and Certification Ensures that infested or contaminated material is not transported, sold commercially, or used as breeding stock. • Seed & Stock Certification (domestic) • Certification for Export Markets

  3. GMO-Related Regulation • FDA, EPA & USDA are principal GMO regulatory bodies in the US • FDA: Regulates food crops if they contain • Something new to the human diet • Something that warrants suspicion (e.g. a toxin) • EPA: Regulates crops containing pesticides • USDA mostly regulate crop development, testing, and release. If crop contains pesticides, USDA & EPA jointly regulate. Crop Use Crop Production

  4. IPM Implementation • Chapter 19 – Societal and Environmental Limitations to IPM Tactics • Societal constraints and public attitudes • Environmental issues • Chapter 18 – IPM Programs: Development and Implementation • Chapter 20 – IPM into the Future

  5. Societal Limitations • Society places limits on pest management techniques because of risk perception • Limits often increase producer costs • Society must reimburse producers or must export risks to other societies • If producers are reimbursed, they will adopt IPM • How much is society willing to pay for IPM? See fs897

  6. If Society is willing to pay more, farmers will provide IPM products Source: http://www.nysipm.cornell.edu/labeling/label2.html

  7. Reasons for not adopting specific IPM practices Sourece: http://www.umass.edu/umext/ipm/ipm_projects/education/assessing_grower_adoption.html

  8. IPM Programs: Development and Implementation • IPM Revisited • IPM Program Development • IPM Program Implementation • Examples of programs will be presented over the four subsequent lectures.

  9. Direct Scouting Observations Used by MA Apple Growers Source: http://www.aftresearch.org/ipm/symposium/26

  10. Insecticide Use by MA Apple Growers, 1995

  11. IPM is Implemented by the IPM Program • IPM Program defined: (1) An organization dedicated to implementing IPM in a specific crop or set of crops; (2) The collective activities of such an organization. • “Collective Activities” include: • Developing strategies • Education of various individuals • Assisting in implementing specific aspects of IPM (e.g. monitoring efforts) • Providing specific IPM-related services (e.g. forecasting) • Conducting any IPM-related research or demonstration • Other activities (e.g. certification & testing)

  12. IPM Program Components • Pest Identification • Management strategy couched in the crop context • Pest monitoring • Decision criteria for selecting tactics • Record keeping • Evaluation of tactics (post treatment), strategies, and overall program

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