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CHEM STRY. Final Jeopardy. Polyatomic Ions. Final Jeopardy. What is from water? A small number of water molecules auto-ionize into H + and OH – and the H + joins with the lone pair on nitrogen.
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Final Jeopardy Polyatomic Ions
Final Jeopardy What is from water? A small number of water molecules auto-ionize into H+ and OH– and the H+ joins with the lone pair on nitrogen. This is where ammonia get’s the extra hydrogen and the positive charge to form ammonium when it’s dissolved in water.
$200 What is the area around chlorine? • This the area of the periodic table in which elements both • tend to become anions • - and - • are among the most reactive.
$400 What is the area around sodium and potassium? This the area of the periodic table in which elements both a) tend to become cations - and - b) are among the most reactive.
$600 What are metals and non-metals? When these kinds of elements bond together in binary compounds, they are almost always ionic.
$800 What are non-metals? When these kinds of elements bond together in binary compounds, they are almost always covalent.
$1000 What are all column IA elements EXCEPT hydrogen? These are the alkali metals.
$200 What is to decrease potential energy or increase stability by filling orbitals? This is the reason why non-metals bond together.
$400 What is 2? This is how many electrons an orbital needs to be as stable as it can be or to have the lowest amount of potential energy.
$600 What is 3? This the maximum number of atoms with which a nitrogen atom can bond covalently.
$800 What is a double bond? This the kind of bonding that occurs when an atom shares 4 electrons with another atom.
$1000 What are sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds? A double bond must have one of each of these.
$200 What an sp3 hybridization? This is the hydridization of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine when they have only single bonds.
$400 What is sp hybridization? This is the hydridization of the carbon in carbon dioxide (CO2).
$600 What an sp2 hybridization? This is the hydridization of the oxygen in carbon dioxide (CO2).
$800 What an sp hybridization? This the hydrization on almost any atom which is triple bonded to another atom.
$1000 What is an sp2 hybridization? This is the hybridization of a boron (B) atom that is bonded to only 3 hydrogen atoms.
$200 What is a tetrahedral? The electron pair shape of phosphorous trichloride.
$400 What is trigonal pyramidal? This is the molecular shape of phosphoroustrichloride.
$600 What is sp3 hybridization? This the hybridization of phosphorousin phosphoroustrichloride.
$800 What is trigonal bi-pyramidal? This the molecular shape of phosphorous pentachloride?
$1000 What is that nitrogen does not have a d-sublevel while phosphorous does? This is why nitrogen cannot combine with 5 chlorine atoms while phosphorous, which is in the same family, can.
$200 What is higher stability? Orbitals, sublevels, and valence electron levels—like the entire universe—will tend to shift toward this kind of stability.
$400 What is higher stability? This is the kind of stability that orbitals have when they have a pair of electrons.
$600 What is the potential energy is lowered? This is what happens to potential energy when a sublevel is full of electrons.
$800 What is that potential energy is lowered? This is what happens to potential energy when a valence electron energy level is filled with electrons?
$1000 What is an octet? This is the term used to describe the number of electrons needed to fill the valence level of most elements.
$200 What is a neutral charge? This is the kind of overall charge that an ionic compound will have.
$400 What is to reach a state with a full set of electrons in a new valence level? This is the reason why metals tend to loose electrons in ionic bonds.
$600 What is to reach a state with a full set of electrons in a new valence level? This is the reason why non-metals tend to loose electrons in ionic bonds.
$800 What is a 2+ charge? This is the charge that metals obtain when they give away 2 electrons.
$1000 What is a 1+ charge? This is the charge that ALL alkali metals obtain in an ionic bond.
$400 What are the hydronium (H3O+) and hydroxide (OH) ions? These are the polyatomic ions that a very small number of waters atoms automatically form.
$800 What is a charged particle made up of 2 or more covalently bonded particles? This is the definition of a polyatomic ion.
$1200 What is that free protons share the lone pair of electrons on the ammonia and covalently bond to the nitrogen creating orbital and charge stability? This is why ammonia forms ammonium in water.
$1600 What is to be in a crystal, bond, or solution with oppositely charged ions? This is how polyatomic ions achieve charge stability?
$2000 What is covalent bonding? This is the kind of bonding that occurs between the atomic particles inside a polyatomic ion.
$400 What is to write the electron dot notation of the atoms and circle the electrons that might pair up (i.e. the sharing arrangement)? This is the 1st step that a student scientist should do when attempting to predict the shape of a simple molecule.
$800 What is to write a Lewis dot formula (or squeeze the shared electrons between the atoms involved)? This is what a student scientist should do to predict molecular shapes once the sharing arrangement of electrons is predicted.
$1200 What is the Lewis dot formula? This is the kind of formula a student scientist should use to predict an electron pair shape.
$1600 What is to erase the lone pairs of electrons leaving the shared pair geometry alone? This is what a student scientist should do to predict the molecular shape of a molecule from the modified electron pair shape.
$2000 What is an octahedral? This is the shape of a molecule which has 6 atoms covalently bonded to a central atom with no lone pairs of electrons.
$400 What is quantum behavior? This is why electrons in an atom only emit specific frequencies of light.
$800 What is energy with a sympathetic wavelength? This is the kind of energy that electrons respond to when they are promoted to higher energy states.
$1200 What is that it’s simple? -or- What is the real model is too complex for high school chemistry? This is the reason we use the Bohr model of the atom to teach the quantum model and spectroscopy even though we know it’s wrong.
$1600 What is higher energy photons, shorter wavelength photons, or photons from the ultraviolet end of the spectrum? These photons result from electrons that have the greatest drop in energy within an atom’s electron cloud.
