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Protozoa: Tiny Parasitic Organisms and Their Classification

Protozoa are unicellular organisms with a global distribution, ranging from 1μm to 500μm in size. Medically important protozoa exhibit various forms of reproduction and locomotion, including flagella, cilia, and pseudopodia. This text provides insights into the classification and characteristics of medically significant protozoa, such as amoebae, haemoflagellates, and malaria parasites. The geographic distribution and susceptibility factors of pathogenic intestinal amoeba like Entamoeba histolytica are also discussed.

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Protozoa: Tiny Parasitic Organisms and Their Classification

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  1. Protozoa原蟲 Unicellular organisms Worldwide distribution From 1 μm to 500 μm in cell size 10,000/65,000 are parasitic protozoa Medically important protozoa are restricted to 17 genera Locomotion of protozoa Flagella 鞭毛 1-8 flagella Cilia 纖毛 Pseudopodia偽足

  2. Reproduction of protozoa Asexual reproduction ◎Binary fission二分裂生殖 ◎Multiple fission or schizogony裂殖體 ◎Endodyogeny內出芽生殖 Sexual reproduction ◎Conjugation 接合作用 ◎ Syngamy 配子結合

  3. Headings of human infection protozoa 1. Amoebae Infecting Man 阿米巴 2. Intestinal and Genital Flagellates 消化及生殖道鞭毛蟲 3. Haemoflagellates 血液鞭毛蟲 4. Balantidium coli大腸纖毛蟲 5. Malaria Parasites瘧原蟲and Babesia spp巴貝斯蟲 6. Toxoplasma弓漿蟲, Sarcocystis肉孢子蟲, Isospora球蟲 & Cryptosporidia隱孢子蟲 7. Microsporidia微孢子蟲 8. Blastocystis hominis 人芽胞阿米巴

  4. Classification of the medically important protozoa Kingdom：Protista 原生生物 Subkingdom：Protozoa 原生動物 Phylum Sarcomastigophora根鞭蟲門 Subphylum Mastigophora鞭毛蟲亞門

  5. Classification of the medically important protozoa Phylum Sarcomastigophora 根鞭蟲門 Subphylum Sarcodina 變形蟲亞門 Superclass Rhizopoda

  6. Classification of the medically important protozoa Phylum Apicomplexa 頂聚孢子蟲門 Class Sporozoea 孢子蟲綱

  7. Classification of the medically important protozoa Phylum Ciliophora 纖毛蟲門 Class Kinetofragminophorea

  8. Pathogenic intestinal Amoeba Entamoeba histolytica赤痢阿米巴 Geographic distribution Worldwide distribution; 10% Tropical countries; 30% Increase in susceptibility during steroid and cytotoxic therapy Increase in tissue invasion during Large intestine cancer; trichuriasis; schistosomiasis

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