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REPRESENTATION of TSUNAMIS in GENERALIZED HYPERSPACE

REPRESENTATION of TSUNAMIS in GENERALIZED HYPERSPACE. Frank C. Lin* University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD. 21801, U.S.A . and Kingkarn Sookhanaphibarn** Ritsumeikan University,Kusatsu, Shiga,525-8577, Japan. Email: * linbfrank@gmail.com **kingkarn@ice.ci.ritsumei.ac.jp.

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REPRESENTATION of TSUNAMIS in GENERALIZED HYPERSPACE

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  1. REPRESENTATION of TSUNAMIS in GENERALIZED HYPERSPACE Frank C. Lin* University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD. 21801, U.S.A. and Kingkarn Sookhanaphibarn** Ritsumeikan University,Kusatsu, Shiga,525-8577, Japan Email: *linbfrank@gmail.com **kingkarn@ice.ci.ritsumei.ac.jp IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  2. PLAN of this TALK I. First, we recapitulate a previous study* in which a new, reliable, unequivocal, economical and instantaneous response method for DETECTING tsunamis at birth using TIR images from geostationary satellites; II. We show then the representations for tsunamis can be mapped into each other by a linear transformation. *Lin,F.C., na Nakornphanom, K.Sookhanaphibarn and Lursinsap, C: “A New Paradigm for Detecting Tsunamis by Remote Sensing”, InternationalJournal of Geoinformatics, Vol.6, No.1, March, 2010, p.19-30 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  3. Fig.1: The DART Method IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  4. Shortcomings of the DART System I.Time Delay: Mentawai (2010), Tohoku (2011); II. Cost; III. Reliability; IV. Availability IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  5. Fig.2: FY-2C 041226 0800 IR1 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  6. MAIN EVENT Fig.3: Signal along latitude 1067 (Banda Aceh) at 7 am Fig.4: Signal along latitude 1067 (Banda Aceh) at 8 am IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  7. Fig.5: Wavelet Decomposition at Latitude 1067, 7 am Fig.6: Wavelet Decomposition at Latitude 1067, 8 am IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  8. TABLE I. IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  9. Fig.7: Earthquake Locations IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  10. Fig.8: Signal from the Sumatra Aftershock at 09:00 a.m Fig.9: Signal from the Aftershock at 10:00 a.m IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  11. Fig.10: Detail Decomposition of Aftershock Signal at 0900 and Latitude 1067 Fig 11 Detail : Decomposition of Aftershock Signal at 1000 andLatitude 1067 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  12. NOAA Pathfinder V - TIR Images IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  13. Declouded IR images from the NOAA V5 Pathfinder satellite Fig 12: Detail Wavelet Decomposition of NOAA Night Image Fig.13: Detail Wavelet Decomposition of NOAA Day Image IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  14. 4.The Nicobar Island: (Location 3): Fig.14: Signal from the Nicobar Aftershock at 0900 LAT 1042 Fig.15: Signal from the Nicobar Aftershock at 1000 LAT 1042 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  15. Wavelet Decomposition,Nicobar Fig.16: Wavelet Decomposition at Nicobar at 0900 LAT 1042 Fig.17: Wavelet Decomposition at Nicobar at 1000 LAT 1042 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  16. CASE 1:ANDAMAN-1 and ANDAMAN-4 LAT 1012: (Location 4 &7): FIG.18: ANDAMAN-1 & 4 Signal 0600 LAT 1012 Fig.19: Wavelet Decomposition of ANDAMAN-1 & 4 at 0600, LAT 1012 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  17. ANDAMAN-4 0700 LAT 1012 Fig.:20: Signal for ANDAMAN-4 0700 LAT 1012 Fig.21: Wavelet Decomposition for ANDAMAN-4 0700 LAT 1012 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  18. At 0800, another tsunami signal is detected at the Andaman-1 epicenter Fig.22: Signal for ANDAMAN-1 0800 LAT 1012 Fig.23: Wavelet Decomposition for ANDAMAN-1 0800 LAT 1012 LON 978 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  19. CASE 2: ANDAMAN-2, LAT 978: (Location 5): Fig.24: Satellite Photo of Epicenter for ANDAMAN-2 0800 LON 958 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  20. No Tsunami Cases: Fig.25: Signal for ANDAMAN-2 0700 LAT 978 Fig.26: Wavelet Decomposition of ANDAMAN-2 0700 LAT 978 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  21. No Tsunami Cases: Fig. 27: Signal of ANDAMAN-2 0800 LAT 978 LON 958 Fig.28: Wavelet Decomposition for ANDAMAN-2 0800 LAT 978 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  22. CASE 3: ANDAMAN-3,LAT 965(Location 6): Fig.29: Signal for ANDAMAN-3 10:56 LAT 965 Fig:30: Wavelet Decomposition for ANDAMAN-3 10:56 LAT 965 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  23. ANDAMAN-3 Lat.965 11:29 (No Tsunami Signal) Fig.31: Signal for ANDAMAN-3 11:29 LAT 965 LON 955 Fig.32: Wavelet Decomposition for ANDAMAN-3 11:29 LAT 965 LON 955 IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  24. Tsunami Magnitude & Intensity Mt = log2 (S) (1) where • Mt = Infrared Tsunami Magnitude, S = Tsunami Signal at the epicenter. Intensity: It = log2(√2 * S) (2) IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  25. Infrared Tsunami vs Earthquake Magnitude Me = 9.2299 - 0.0592*log2(S) (3) IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  26. Tsunami Index I I = 1000*log2-1(S)-110 (4) IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  27. Earthquake vs Infrared Tsunami Index at Epicenter IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  28. System Modules • Satellite  Receiver  Computer   • PMEL • Visualization  Monitoring  Alarm IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  29. Representations of Tsunamis: Signal Diagram (Canonical Representation); Wavelet Diagram; Vector Representation; Phase Space Representation (MOST etc.); Other. IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  30. The Vector Representation We can represent a tsunami by a vector , with the components x, y, z, t, Me, Mt and Px (pixel brightness). IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  31. Phase space (Iida) & Infrared Space (Lin) Representations Iida Equation: Mt = 2.61*Me – 18.44 Lin et al : Mt = 9.2299–0.0592*Me IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  32. Linear Transformation Define abbreviated vector vIR = (Me, MtIR, N) and vP = (Me, MtP, N), while all other variables are held constant, and N is an axis orthogonal to the Me-Mt plane. Then vP = R * vIR + TMe + TMt where IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  33. CONCLUSION The advantages of our method vis-à-vis DART are: its economy, itsreliability, its greater availability, and its instantaneous response time. Our procedure can be incorporated into an early warning system which potentially can save lives and property. IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

  34. Questions, Comments?? IGARSS'11 SENDAI/VANCOUVER

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