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Subnetting Basics for Network Simulation Course at Al-Mustaqbal University

This lecture covers subnetting basics, creating subnets, subnet masks, CIDR, Class C and B subnetting, VLSM, summarization, and troubleshooting IP addressing. Subnets are isolated networks created by detaching interfaces from hosts or routers. Subnetting benefits include reduced network traffic, optimized performance, simplified management, and spanning large distances. Borrowing host bits for network bits allows for subnet creation with specific subnet masks based on the number of borrowed bits.

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Subnetting Basics for Network Simulation Course at Al-Mustaqbal University

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  1. Computer Techniques Engineering Department College of Engineering and Technology Al-Mustaqbal University Network Simulation Course BY Dr. Muamer N. Mohammed 1

  2. Lecture 7 subnettin g 2

  3. Objective of the chapter • The CCNA Topics Covered in this chapter include: – -Subnetting basics – -How to create subnets – -Subnet masks and CIDR • Class C subnetting • Class B subnetting • VLSM • Summarization • Troubleshooting IP addressing 3

  4. Subnet s • IP address: –subnet part - high order bits –host part - low order bits • what’s a subnet? –device with part of IP address –can reach each other without interveningrouter 223.1.1. 1 223.1.2. 1 223.1.1. 2 223.1.1.4 223.1.2.9 223.1.1. 3 223.1.2.2 223.1.3.27 subnet interfaces same subnet 223.1.3. 1 223.1.3.2 physically network consisting of 3 subnets 4

  5. Subnet s 223.1.1.0/24 223.1.2.0/24 223.1.1. 1 recipe to determine the subnets, detach each interface from its host or router, creating islands of isolated networks each isolated network is called a subnet 223.1.2. 1 223.1.1. 2 223.1.1.4 223.1.2. 9 223.1.2. 2 223.1.3.2 7 223.1.1. 3 subne t 223.1.3. 2 223.1.3. 1 223.1.3.0/24 subnet mask: /24 5

  6. Subnet s 223.1.1. 2 how many? 223.1.1. 1 223.1.1. 4 223.1.1. 3 223.1.7. 0 223.1.9. 2 223.1.9. 1 223.1.7. 1 223.1.8. 1 223.1.8. 0 223.1.2. 6 223.1.3.2 7 223.1.2. 1 223.1.2. 2 223.1.3. 1 223.1.3. 2 6

  7. Benefits of subnetting include: Reduced network traffic Optimized network performance Simplified management Facilitated spanning of large geographical distances. 7

  8. Basics of Sub- netting • Classical IP addressing • Subnetworks • Subnet mask • Boolean operations: AND, OR, and NOT • Performing the AND function 8

  9. Restrictions on Network ID Assignments Note: * Class A address 127 cannot be used and is reserved for loopback and diagnostic functions 9

  10. Summary of Networks and Hosts Supported in Each Class 10

  11. Subnet work 7 Application Subnets 6 Presentation The Internet is running out of IP address. Onesolution is to subnet a network address. 5 Session This is done by borrowing host bits to be usedas network bits. The minimum number of bits that can be borrowed is 2. Example: 4 Transport 3 Network Class B mask 255.255.0.0 Borrowing 1 bit gives a subnet mask of 255.255.128.0 Borrowing 2 bits gives a subnet mask of 255.255.192.0 Borrowing 3 bits gives a subnet mask of 255.255.224.0 Borrowing 4 bits gives a subnet mask of 255.255.240.0 2 Data Link 1 Physical 11

  12. End of Lecture 12

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