英语考前指导

1. 英语考前指导

2. 听力答题几点注意 一、对话题 1、注意对话的环境和交流的信息。 知道了对话的环境就能期待和预知要求的信息。如内容涉及到“数学”，就预知要“计算”；知道了“请求”，应等待着“应答”；知道了“身份”，就应了解其“职业”等。第二人的答话是获取信息的重要途径。 2、注意体验角色，弄清对话者的意图。 同学们就身临其境，通过语境、语调等判断出对话人的意图；善于辨别真伪，善于排除干扰，也是了解对话者意图的一个重要手段，不要听到什么就选什么。 3、注意把握第三者的提问，即听清题干是做好选项的重要辅佐。

3. 二、短文理解题 4、注意抓关键词，找主要意思。 一篇短文听下来，务必了解六人W（who/when/where/ why/how），无须每句话每个词都听懂，注意从短文内容的整体上理解，千万不要把太多的时间花在某个生词或难句上。另外与选项无关的信息，应不予重视。 5、注意边听边记。 在听的过程中，做好要点记录。如记下论点、事件的过程与结果等。边听边记不仅可以防止已听到的信息立刻忘记，而且还可以把第二次听到的信息与第一次的信息相互对照、检查、核实、作出必要的修改。 6、注意当机立断、不空题。 当你确实无法听清某一段内容时，应当机立断，主动放弃，争取时间做下道题。抢先进入语境，有的放矢。对于无法回答的问题，应从书面材料所给的信息中，寻找与答案有关的蛛丝马迹，确定某一选项，决不能空题。

4. 单选解题点拨

5. 一、读出暗示信息，抓住关键词 • —Do you think I should get a good guidebook? —Yes, of course. ___, you also need a good camera and comfortable shoes. A. What’s more B. In other words C. By the way D. All in all 2. — Which of these two ties will you take? —I’ll take ____, to give me a change sometimes. (for they look just the same) A. either B. neither C. all D. both 3. —Could you mail these letters for me, please? —____letters? Your friends are going to be very happy to hear from you again. A. What B. Some C. Different D. More

6. 二、弄清句型、句子结构 1.Computers must be of great use to ____ doing the scientific research. A. those B. who C. whomever D. whoever 2. It was not until dark ____ he found ____ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem. A. that; what B. that; that C. when; what D. when; that 3. If we go on using energy so wastefully, ____ are our oil wells will be dried up before new energy sources can be found to replace oil. A. chances B. difficulties C. questions D. problems 4. He suggested the problem worth paying attention ___ at the meeting. A. to be discussed B. to being discussed C. to discuss D. to discussing

7. 三、重视语言环境，排除思维定势 1.—Daddy, which of these smart harts do you like best in the hat shop? —____. They are both expensive and less warm-keeping. A. Either B. Nothing C. Neither D. None 2. So, ____ the government has a good system of control and can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear. A. if B. when C. unless D. whether 3. —Why weren’t you at the meeting? —I ____ for a long-distance call from my aunt in America. A.waited B. was waiting C. had been waiting D. had waited 4. I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but _____. A. I’m not invited B. I haven’t been invited C. I was not invited D. I had not been invited

8. 四、仔细推敲，辨析词义 1.—What made the project stop? —_____ of money. A. Short B. Less C. Lack D. Absence 2. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was ___ from the outside world. A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 3. Do you know the girl ____ red ____ under the big tree? A. wearing in, sitting B. having on; seated C. dressed in; sitting D. in,seating 4. —Why are you looking so tired today? —I had to be ____ last night to preparing for today’s meeting. A. up B. on C. off D. down

9. 五、克服母语干扰，注意习惯用法 1.—I’m afraid I’ve lost my keys again. —Not again. You _____ your keys. A. always lose B. are always losing C. always lost D. were always losing 2. —Would you like another cup of coffee? —____, I’ve had enough. A. No, thanks B. Yes, please C. No, I won’t have it D. Yes, I want to 3. —I’m sorry. I’ve left my credit card home. And I don’t have enough cash for the meal. —Don’t worry. ____. A. I’ll invite you B. It’s my pleasure to pay you C. It’s my treat D. It’s at your expense

10. 完形填空的解题步骤 • 1)领悟大意，先易后难。 • 在填空前，阅读全文至关重要。把握文章的基本内容和结构，明确文章的主题思想，才有可能去考虑用什么样的词语。考生必须跳过空格，快速地通读全文，粗略地了解一下文章的内容，不要急急忙忙做题，有时，要读完全文才能确定一个选项的答案。这就是我们常说的要重视文章的语篇意义。 • 在通读的过程中，可以把一些容易的空格就手填上，这样就等于相对地增加了已知的信息，降低了文章的难度。在此基础上，重点突破。 • 2)读全文，推理判断，前后照应，试选答案。 • 第二次读全文时，应该带着问题去读，要寻找文章中给予的“暗示”或“提示”。如同位语、定语从句、插入语、关联词等，在上下文中选择合理的答案。 • 3)通读全文，检验答案，修正错误。 • 粗选答案后，一定要把自己所选的答案带入文章中，在把文章通读一遍，特别注意一下文章的行文是否合乎逻辑，所选词汇是否达意和搭配。

11. 阅读理解解题指导 阅读测试题可以分为两类：综合题和细节题。综合题一般有主题归纳题和推理判断题两种。 对于主题归纳题，考生须通过对全文的阅读和思考，把握文章的结构和脉络，从而找出文章的中心思想和主题大意，推断作者写作意图或作者对该事情的态度。考生应抓住文章中开头和结尾，注意每一自然段落中的主题句。在做推理判断题时，要紧扣作者的意图，充分发挥自己的逻辑思维能力，从文章的内在含义和字里行间中，从作者的态度和取向中获得信息，做出正确的推理和判断。 细节题在整个阅读理解题中占很大比例。细节题要求考生具备快速寻找信息的能力，采用针对性方法进行阅读。多数情况下，作者不会明确地呈现一个事实，读者需根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展、和人物之间的关系。

12. 短文改错 1)首先要快速阅读短文，抓住中心思想，从整体上对短文有个了解。不了解全文，就难以判断如时态和代词的相关错误。 2)运用语言的基础知识，从句型结构、词的变化、词类的选择、词的搭配、习惯表达出发，进行分析判断，以便尽快找出错误。 3)重视整体，注意连接，从上下文的关系里找到表达连接关系或逻辑关系的词，判断是递进还是转折，是因果还是让步关系

13. 高考书面表达应试策略

14. 评分原则 1、本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。 2、评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 3、词数少于80和多于120的，从总分中减去2分。 4、评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性及上下文的连贯性。 5、拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 6、如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。

15. 第五档（很好）：（21—25分）*覆盖所有内容要点*应用了较多的语法结构和词汇*语法结构和词汇有些许错误，但为尽量使用较复杂的结构或较高级的词汇所致；具备较强的语言应用能力*有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑完全达到了写作目的第五档（很好）：（21—25分）*覆盖所有内容要点*应用了较多的语法结构和词汇*语法结构和词汇有些许错误，但为尽量使用较复杂的结构或较高级的词汇所致；具备较强的语言应用能力*有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑完全达到了写作目的

16. It is almost known to all that smoking is bad for people’s health. Smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other problems and 2.5 million people die from smoking each year.Still, many people find it difficult to stop smoking.Firstly, they have smoked for many years and formed a habit, which is not easy to be given up. Secondly, it is the effect of nicotine, which is contained in tobacco.Measures have been taken to help people keep away from the harm of smoking. In many cities, smoking is forbidden in public places. The danger of smoking is warned of everywhere. And newspapers are asked not to publish advertisements for cigarettes. Word “No Tobacco Day” has been set against smoking.

17. 如（NMET2001春）写信邀请美国朋友给学生做一次讲座。信的主要内容包括：1、讲座目的：使学生对美国电影有所了解；2、讲座内容：简要介绍美国电影（制片）业的历史。I’m writing to ask you to come and give a talk on the history of American films and film making industry in order to help students understand how the industry has developed into big business as it is today.

18. Now it is time to tell you everything that has happened. He came and brought us a lot of new stories. Fortunately, he was still alive, though he was seriously injured. It was our brave Ah Fu that pulled my little sister to the bank. He is a boy who is sixteen years old. Now it is time to tell you the whole story. He came with a lot of new stories. Fortunately, he was still alive, though seriously injured. It was our brave Ah Fu that pulled my little sister to safety. He is a boy of sixteen.

19. 1) A: Mrs Smith will give us a report.B1: Mrs Smith will give us a report, which I think will have a good influence on our studies. B2: Mrs Smith will give us a report. Personally, I think it’ll be of great value to our studies.2) A: Where the playground used to be now stands a library.B: Where the playground used to be now stands another new building一our library，in which there are all kinds of books，newspapers and magazines.3) A: I failed in the maths exam again.B1: Much to my disappointment, I failed in the maths exam again. (What disappointed me most was that I failed in the maths exam again.) B2: What a pity I failed in the maths exam again.

20. 1)A: The area of the flat is 25 square metres. It has a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. B: It’s a small flat of 25 square metres, with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. 2) A: We were very glad to see the crops and vegetables growing well. B: How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well! 3) A: You must come here. B: Do come! 4) A:I think one and a half hours may be enough. B: Do you think one and a half hours will be enough?

21. 1）尽量使用复杂句式，如加入定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、主语从句和表语从句等。例如：（NMET2002）What is more, charging entrance fees will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city. 这句使用了非限制性定语从句，使文章非常简洁、得体。又如：The idea that the entrance fees should be charged is opposed to by 60% of the students.运用了同位语从句使文章言简意赅。

22. 2）使用变化多样的句式，如疑问句、祈使句、倒装句、省略句等，增强文章的感染力。例如：（NMET2001）You want to know what is going on in schools in China? 文章以疑问开始，导出下文，表达了激动的感情，具有生动的效果。再如：（NMET2003） If not (you don’t like it), I can try and find another place for you. (NMET2003春)There came a strong wind. 祈使句和倒装句使文章显得简洁、地道 。

23. 3）使用非谓语动词、强调句型和其他固定句式。请仔细体会下面几句画线部分所使用的效果。①Compared with bikes, cars and taxis, buses haven’t changed much, as they are slow and crowded, although they are cheap.②One day my parents went to work in the fields taking my little sister and Ah Fu along.③I was busy counting money when suddenly a man broke in with his face covered and a knife in his hand.

24. 4) 注意如下常用句型的使用：too…to…; so/such…that…; not only… but also…; neither… nor…; such as…; not … until…; so that…; either… or…等。

25. 1）引起下文的词语：Generally speaking; It is said that; at first; firstly; first of all; to begin with; to start with; at present; recently; for one thing…for another; on the one hand…on the other hand; 等。2）承上启下的词语：afterwards; besides; certainly; in addition; in addition to; what’s more ; moreover; in fact; in other words; meanwhile; second（secondly）；for example; for instance; that is to say等。3）表示转折的词语：but; though / although; however; whereas, fortunately / unfortunately / luckily; yet; nevertheless; on the contrary等。

26. 4) 表示因果的词语：because of; thanks to; due to; owing to; as a result of; therefore; thus; as a result; so等。5) 结论开头的词语：in a word; in short; to sum up; to conclude; thus; therefore; in brief; in general; accordingly; eventually; on the whole; all in all; to speak frankly; speaking frankly; in my opinion; undoubtedly等。

27. 严审题—主 次 要点一个不漏巧选择—词（组）短语一个不差勤分析—时 态 、语态一个不错妙安排—高 级 穿 插 一张一弛细复查—标点拼（写）一气呵成

28. Wish you success!