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NGST ESA Studies

NGST ESA Studies. Stefano Cristiani ST-ECF. http://www.stecf.org/ngst. The ESA NGST story so far. 1996: ESA invited to participate in NGST studies ESA NGST Task Group Report solicited 1997: Study Manager and Scientist appointed 1998: 2nd NGST Conference held in Liege

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NGST ESA Studies

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  1. NGSTESA Studies Stefano Cristiani ST-ECF http://www.stecf.org/ngst

  2. The ESA NGST story so far • 1996: ESA invited to participate in NGST studies • ESA NGST Task Group Report solicited • 1997: Study Manager and Scientist appointed • 1998: 2nd NGST Conference held in Liege • ESA Industrial Studies initiated • ESA Study Science Team formed • ESA members join Ad Hoc Science Working Group (ASWG) • ESA/NASA HST/NGST Partnership Concept signed • 1999: Design Reference Mission completed and ranked • ESA Industrial Studies completed • 3rd NGST Conference held in Hyannis • ASWG completes instrument concept prioritization • 2000: ESA F2/F3 Proposal submitted • NASA/ESA instrument allocation negotiations completed • ESA Industrial Delta Studies Initiated • NGST participation selected as F2/F3 Mission

  3. ESA pre-Phase A studies (1998-99) • Telescope & Payload Suite • Contractors: Dornier Satellitensysteme, Alcatel Space, LAS (Marseilles) • & UK Astronomy Technology Centre (Edinburgh) • Science Leads: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS), Gillian Wright (UK-ATC) • Multi-Object/Integral Field Spectrograph • Contractors: Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille) & Dornier • Satellitensysteme • w. Durham, ESO, Cambridge, MPE & Leiden • Science Lead: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS) • Visible Wavelength Camera/Spectrograph • Contractors: Matra-Marconi Space • w. Dornier Satellitensysteme, Leicester, MSSL, LAS, UCL & Obs. Paris • Science Lead: Martin Ward (Leicester) • On-Board Data Management • Contractors: Laben w. Dornier Satellitensysteme, Istituto di Fisica Cosmica • (Milan), Arcetri, LAS, Leicester & Univ. College Dublin • Science Lead: Patrizia Caraveo (IFC) • Other Spacecraft Subsystems(In-house)

  4. ESA pre-Phase A studies • ESA Instrument Concepts Studied: • Visible Wide Field Camera • Visible High Resolution Camera • Visible Integral Field Spectrograph • Near-IR Wide Field Camera • Near-IR Integral Field Spectrograph • Near-IR Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrograph • Mid-IR Camera • Mid-IR Integral Field Spectrograph • Write-ups Available at:http://astro.estec.esa.nl/NGST/woodshole.html

  5. ISIM Integrated Science Instrument Module

  6. Integrated science instrument module • Integrated module with shared components • Severe constraints on: • Total mass • Volume • Power dissipation • Only room for 3-4 instruments

  7. Instrument complement • Ad Hoc Science Working Group recommendation based on DRM and NASA, ESA & CSA studies • Recommendation spans three core instruments: • Near-IR Wide Field Camera • Near-IR Multi-Object Spectrograph • Mid-IR Camera/Spectrograph • Options for additional instrument/enhancements ? ? Available at http://www.ngst.nasa.gov/public/configured/doc_0549/rev_02/PSreportfinal.pdf

  8. Additional instrument/enhancements • Near-infrared R=3000-5000 integral field spectrometer (IFS) • High spatial resolution 0.6-1µm camera • Mid-infrared R=3000-5000 IFS Would significantly enhance NGST capabilities Three options: ? Embraced by MIRPG

  9. Near-infrared camera • Characteristics • 0.6-5 µm coverage (InSb/HgCdTe) • 4 x 4 arcmin FOV • Nyquist-sampled at 2µm • 0.03 arcsec/pixel • 8192 x 8192 pixel mosaic • R~100 slit/grism mode? • Double as Fine Guider? CONTROVERSIAL 3 x 3 CONTROVERSIAL ESA NIR camera study concept (Dornier/LAS)

  10. Near-infrared multiobject spectrometer • Characteristics • 3 x 3 arcmin FOV • 1-5 µm coverage • R~1000 • >100 simultaneous sources • Micromirror/shutter array technology • Configurable slit width/length • R~100 mode? ESA IFMOS study concept (LAS/Dornier)

  11. Science with the NGST spectrograph • The Design Reference Mission (DRM) has identified the major science goals of NGST. • Spectroscopy in the range 1-5m is required for:

  12. Surface Density-Resolution • Surface density vs. apparent flux for various samples of high redshift objects with NGST-MOS limiting fluxes for various resolutions • Surf. density of interesting objects is fairly low. • Resolution of interest ~1000

  13. Origin of galaxies: typical scales • At high-z, the lumps that eventually merge to form typical galaxies are expected to be spread over several arcmin. • Protomembers of a small group of galaxies, viewed at z~3. • White box = 3.4’x3.4’ [-CDM model of Kauffmann et al. 1999]

  14. Flexibility: contiguous 2d Mapping • Integration on the very faint targets will be long • During such integrations slits can be used to scan the brighter, more extended targets for which a 2D map is meaningful and does not require the full integration at each location

  15. Ongoing Near-IR spectrograph studies MEMS-based Near-IR Multi-Object Dispersive Spectrograph I(175 kK) Contractors: Astrium & Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille) w. Durham, ESO,Cambridge, MPE & Leiden Science Lead: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS) MEMS-based Near-IR Multi-Object Dispersive Spectrograph II(175 kK) Contractors: Alcatel & Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille) Science Lead: Denis Burgarella (LAS) Alternatives to MEMS for slitmasks for a Near-IR Multi-Object Spectrograph (100 kK) ITT Issued: December 2000 Closing Date: February 23 Update to Integral Field Spectrograph (75 kK) Contractors: Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille) & Astrium w. Durham, ESO, Cambridge, MPE & Leiden Science Lead: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS)

  16. Micro-mirror spectrograph: optical scheme yardstick concept “classical” solution

  17. Micro-mirror spectrograph: principle

  18. Prototype MEMS devices Micro-mirrors 90m Micro-shutters

  19. MEMS issues • Technical readiness (Al and PolySilicon µ-mirrors, µ-shutters) • contrast (scattered light, diffraction effects) • filling factor (gaps, holes) • pitch, roughness, throughput, lifetime...

  20. Near-infrared multiobject spectrometer • Instrument to be provided by ESA with ESA funds: • Definition, procurement and commissioning ESA’s responsibility (like FOC on HST) • Hardware to be procured through European industry/institutes via open competitive tender • Scientific oversight to be provided by competitively selected Instrument Science Team • Two key US components: • Detector array • MEMS slit selector device • Procurement details to be decided

  21. Mid-infrared camera/spectrometer Camera Spectrometer ESA MIR instrument concepts (Dornier/UK ATC/CEA-Sap/LAS) • Mid-IR Planning Group Report (Nov 2000): • Available at: http://astro.estec.esa.nl/NGST/mirppg_rep.pdf

  22. Mid-infrared camera/spectrometer • Instrument concept: • Dual Camera/Spectrograph • 5 - 28 µm coverage with separate channels for short and long wavelengths • 2 arcmin FOV for imaging • Cross-dispersed R>1500 integral field spectroscopy (2-3” FOV) • R = 100 spectroscopy in short wavelength module

  23. Mid-infrared camera/spectrometer • Mid-IR Planning Group Report: • Instrument procurement shared between ESA, NASA with CSA as minor partner • US to provide: • Focal Plane Arrays and associated electronics, software for their control, cryocooler, project office • Europe to provide: • Space qualified, fully tested optical system, including all optics and their mechanisms plus associated electronics and software • Shared AI&T, calibration and commissioning roles TBD by MISC • Joint Instrument Science Team led by two Co-Pis • Shared Guaranteed Time Programme (~1000 hrs)

  24. NASA/ESA/CSA Mid-IR Instrument Partnership Planning Group High-level Instrument Concept 05/00 11/00 Solicitation of Application for Membership of MISC and Expression of Interest in Mid-IR Instrument NASA/ESA/CSA Mid-IR Instrument Steering Committee (MISC) Initial design/oversight/co-ordination 12/00 04/02 01/01 05/01 Detailed Instrument Concept Specifications, Costs, Definition of Responsibilities ESA-Sponsored (200 kEuro) Optics Module Definition Study ITT Process Phase A level Optics Module Design + Costing Science Institutes + Industr. 04/02 04/01 08/01 Confirmation Process Technical/ Management Proposals & Financial Commitments Mid-IR Instrument:Foreseen European Procurement 02/02 07/02 European Optics Module Development Science Institutes + Industr. 07/02 01/06

  25. ESA study schedule 2000 2001 2002 Activity Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 NIR Spectrograph MOS/MEMS Study (Astrium) MOS/MEMS Study (Alcatel) Alternative Slit Masks for MOS Update of IFS (Astrium) Definition Phase (2 contracts) MIR Camera/Spectrograph Solicitation of Letters of Interest Mid IR Instr. Steering Committee Optics Module Study (ESA-lead) ESA Confirmation Process Cryostat Study Non-Instrument Contributions Mirror Polishing Study (REOSC) Service Module Study ?? Technology Characterization of CSiC at cryo Joining of CSiC elements Mirror materials CSiC Test Bench at cryo Image Slicer Phase B Activity Start

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