2D2: Plant Machinery Safety

1. 2D2: Plant & Machinery Safety Duties on Manufacturers & Suppliers European Standards relating to machinery

2. Essential H&S Requirements Intended to ensure that all machinery throughout the EC was constructed to the same standards of h&s Contained in Annex 1 to the Machinery Directive and as an appendix to BSEN 292-2

3. Essential H&S Requirements Requirements: Hierarchy of control defined (PoP) Construction of machine Lighting Safe handling Controls Protection against mechanical hazards Characteristics of guards/protective devices Protection against other hazards Maintenance Indicators Marking Instructions

4. Type Approval Annex IV of Machinery Directive lists certain types of high-risk machine, including: Circular saws Woodworking machines Presses Injection moulding machines Locomotives Passenger carrying vehicles used underground This specified machinery is required to be subject to a type examination prior to approval being given

5. Type Approval Application is made which contains: Name and address of manufacturer Technical file (see later) Example of machine or details of where one may be examined Notified body verifies information and issues EC-type examination certificate. CE mark can then be fixed and machine can be sold openly throughout EC

6. Type Approval For machinery not covered in Annex IV, approval process is one of self-certification on the basis that technical file is produced and reviewed and machinery meets the requirements of the Directive. The manufacturer must just draw up a technical file, upon which he bases his approval

7. Technical File Consists of all relevant material upon which manufacturer bases decision as to whether to sign the CE declaration of conformity Signature completes declaration, allowing CE marking to be affixed Not all info has to be kept together, but it must be made available within reasonable time when requested

8. Technical File Consists of: Drawings of machine Drawings of control circuitry Details of tests carried out against essential h&s requirements Description of methods adopted to eliminate hazards Any technical reports obtained to support declaration Any test results against harmonised standards carried out Measures taken to ensure production machinery is to same standard

9. Declaration of Conformity Drawing up the declaration procedure whereby responsible person declares machinery which he supplies into EC complies with all the essential h&s requirements applying to it

10. Declaration of Conformity It includes: Name and address of responsible person and manufacturer Description of machinery including: Make Type Serial no. Indication of all provisions with which machinery complies State the name and address of approved body which issued type approval (if applicable) Signature of responsible person

11. CE Marking Can only be applied when a declaration of conformity is supplied, or for the high risk machinery, the approvals process confirms compliance Marking must include the following information (indelible): Name and address of manufacturer CE mark (to include year of construction) Designation of series or type Serial no., if any If designed for such, info regarding use in an explosive atmosphere Any safety related info regarding the machinery in use e.g. max speed of rotating parts

12. Standard Types Type A: Basic Safety - Applicable to all machines Type B: Group Safety - Dealing in a single safety aspect that can be applied to a wide range of machines Type B1: Specific safety aspect e.g. noise, lighting Type B2: Safety devices, guards, interlocks etc. Type C: Detailed standards that apply to specific groups of machine or a single type of machine e.g. chainsaws The standard for Type A is BSEN 292 �Safety of Machinery� and is in 2 part Annex 1 of the Machinery Directive �Essential H&S Requirements� is included as appendix to BSEN 292-2

13. BSEN 292 2 Parts: Part 1 - Safety of Machinery: Covers basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2 - Safety of Machinery: Covers basic concepts, general principles for design and technical principles and specification Intended to assist designers, manufacturers and other interested bodies to interpret the essential H&S requirements in order to achieve conformity with European Legislation

14. BSEN 1050 Describes principals for machinery RA Procedures described for identifying hazards and estimating and evaluating risk Appendix table includes examples of hazards grouped under headings: Mechanical Electrical Noise Vibrations Materials and Substances Ergonomics

15. Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regs 1992 Manufacturers responsibilities: RA to identify and assess hazards that could be present when machine is used Design out significant hazards and ensure design satisfies EHSRs and is designed in accordance with applicable standards Incorporate measures such as physical barriers to prevent access to dangerous parts; or safeguard against other hazards that cannot be designed out Provide warning signs for hazards that cannot be designed out or safeguarded (e.g. noisy machine signs) Fix CE marking to show that it complies with EHSRs Issue �Declaration of Conformity� for machine Provide user with instructions on how to install use and maintain safely Keep information, explaining what has been done and why, in a technical file

16. Previous Exam Questions A plastics injection moulding machine is intended for use within the European Economic Area. Outline the �Essential health &safety requirements� that you would expect to have been addressed in the technical file for the machine in order to demonstrate that the machine is in fact safe. (20 marks)