75 Arlington Street, Suite 704 Boston, MA 02116 (617) 904-3100 (617) 904-3109 fax Web www.cape wind.org

1. 75 Arlington Street, Suite 704 Boston, MA 02116 (617) 904-3100 (617) 904-3109 fax Web www.cape wind.org Cape Wind Associates LLC

2. RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES • Photovoltaic • Tidal • Wave • Biomass • Wind- Onshore • Wind- Offshore Cape Wind Associates LLC

3. Technology Criteria • Commercially feasible technology • Commercial size technology availability Cape Wind Associates LLC

4. Alternative Wind Park Screening Analysis Criteria • Renewable resource availability • ISO New England grid connection availability • Suitable land or offshore area • Legal/regulatory constraints • Engineering limitations Cape Wind Associates LLC

5. OFFSHORE WIND • Availability of larger continuous areas • Higher wind speeds • Less turbulence • Low wind shear • Utilization of larger turbine designs Cape Wind Associates LLC

6. Typical Offshore Wind Turbines Cape Wind Associates LLC

7. The Offshore Environment • Ambient turbulence • Salinity, humidity & temperature • Icing and snow • Ship impact, breaking ice • Waves and their variation in time & space • Current, tides and scour effects • Foundation behavior • Marine growth Cape Wind Associates LLC

8. Important Concepts • ESW-extreme storm wave (50 or 100 year return) • Breaking wave • Hydrodynamic loading • Fatigue life • Aerodynamic fatigue • Hydrodynamic fatigue • Dynamic behavior Cape Wind Associates LLC

9. TECHNICAL & ECONOMIC SITING CRITERIA • Wind Resource • Water Depth • Energy Loss • Available Space • Environmental Conditions • Grid Connection Cape Wind Associates LLC

10. Economic Sitting Issues • Grid connection cost AC-high dielectric loss . DC-expensive conversion commercial availability • Foundation cost • Accessibility construction and O&M Cape Wind Associates LLC

11. Power in Wind • Kinetic energy > mass of air moving through a unit of area • Power is proportional to the cube of wind speed • Wind speed varies with height • Surface roughness influences wind speed Cape Wind Associates LLC

12. Met-ocean Design Parameters • Wind • Waves • Wind and Wave correlation • Currents • Bathymetry & Sea Level Variations • Marine Growth • Icing and Sea Ice Cape Wind Associates LLC

13. Design Criteria-Extreme Conditions • Wind • Wave • Current • Coincident Conditions (wind, wave and current) • Coincident Flood Level (storm surge) Cape Wind Associates LLC

14. Breaking Waves • As waves approach shallower waters they become steeper and the probability of breaking increases significantly • Breaking can be surging, spilling or plunging • Plunging breakers occur in shallower water • The normal breaking limit is ( height=.78*depth) • Plunging breakers cause very high impact loads • Designing may be impractical due to large stiff structures and economic impact Cape Wind Associates LLC

15. Analysis of Aerodynamic and Hydrodynamic Fatigue • Wind Contribution + • Wave Contribution = • Simultaneous Response Cape Wind Associates LLC

16. Typical Foundation Types a) Gravity Base b) Monopole c) tri-pod Hybrid Cape Wind Associates LLC

17. Proposed Wind Turbine Generator Profile Detail Cape Wind Associates LLC

18. Nantucket Sound Storm tide 12 feet Design wave 16 feet Total 28 feet Georges Bank Nantucket Shoals 5 feet 6 feet 85 feet 42 +feet 90 feet 48 +feet Design Extreme Wave Comparison Cape Wind Associates LLC

19. Cape Wind Associates LLC

20. North America Offshore Challenges as Compared to Europe • Wave heights in the Atlantic are on the average higher than those in the North Sea & Baltic • The North Atlantic has 30% higher wave height than the North Sea • Fetch length and wind speed is reason Cape Wind Associates LLC

21. Wind Park Siting Analysis – Nantucket Sound Cape Wind Associates LLC

22. Cape Wind Associates LLC